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Figure 1 | Arthritis Res Ther

Figure 1

From: Does protein kinase R mediate TNF-α- and ceramide-induced increases in expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases in articular cartilage by a novel mechanism?

Figure 1

Detection of (a) MMP-2 and (b) MMP-9 activity in media collected from bovine articular cartilage explants treated with TNF-α or C2-ceramide for 24 hours. Medium was collected 24 hours after treatment of explants with 100 ng/ml TNF-α or 50 μM C2-ceramide in the presence or absence of the PKR inhibitor 2-AP (10 mM) and analysed by gelatin substrate zymography. A standard known to contain either MMP-2 or MMP-9 was included (Std). An unidentified enzyme is indicated by '?'. 2-AP, 2-aminopurine; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.

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