Figure 3

Multiparameter intracellular flow cytometry reveals elevated percentages of B lymphocytes in the periphery of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with spontaneous activation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Peripheral B lymphocytes isolated from SLE patients (n = 7) or nonautoimmune normal individuals (n = 7) were fixed, permeabilized and stained with phosphospecific antibody for pIκBα, pERK, pJNK or p-p38. The mean ± SEM percentages of CD19⁺ B cells positive for each phospho-Ab are shown graphically. *P < 0.05 by Student's t test.