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Table 1 Dose effect of individual cytokines on TF nuclear translocation

From: Increased AP-1 and NF-κB activation and recruitment with the combination of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-17 in rheumatoid synoviocytes

 

c-Fos

c-Jun

Egr-1

NF-κB

FosB

Fra-1

Fra-2

JunB

JunD

Medium

4.6 ± 3.6

2.5 ± 2.1

2.3 ± 2.3

2.7 ± 2.4

2.5 ± 2.6

3.5 ± 3.0

4.4 ± 2.8

3.3 ± 3.2

2.4 ± 2.1

IL-1

   1 pg/ml

6.3 ± 5.1

4.9 ± 4.0

2.6 ± 2.4

3.5 ± 3.4

Not done

Not done

Not done

Not done

Not done

   10 pg/ml

5.1 ± 4.3

2.7 ± 2.5

2.4 ± 3.0

34.3 ± 3.6**

2.4 ± 2.1

36.5 ± 6.0**

2.8 ± 3.0

3.4 ± 3.0

2.0 ± 2.2

   100 pg/ml

39.5 ± 7.2***

33.2 ± 3.1***

2.7 ± 2.1

72.3 ± 7.5***

37.9 ± 4.7***

69.2 ± 5.7***

40.9 ± 5.5***

2.2 ± 2.4

35.2 ± 3.8***

   500 pg/ml

76.6 ± 10.8***

70.1 ± 7.6***

2.7 ± 3.2

73.5 ± 5.1***

Not done

Not done

Not done

Not done

Not done

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

   1 pg/ml

4.8 ± 4.2

4.1 ± 3.0

2.6 ± 2.5

3.8 ± 3.3

Not± done

Not done

Not done

Not done

Not done

   10 pg/ml

2.9 ± 3.0

5.1 ± 2.6

2.2 ± 2.7

3.4 ± 2.6

36.2 ± 5.0***

34.7 ± 3.8

4.3 ± 2.8

2.8 ± 3.0

3.3 ± 2.7

   100 pg/ml

33.9 ± 3.8**

43.1 ± 7.0***

4.9 ± 2.5

41.4 ± 4.3***

38.8 ± 5.1***

69.2 ± 5.0***

3.8 ± 3.0

35.6 ± 4.3***

41.2 ± 5.9***

   500 pg/ml

68.9 ± 6.4**

72.6 ± 6.4***

3.8 ± 2.3

66.1 ± 4.0***

Not done

Not done

Not done

Not done

Not done

IL-17

   50 pg/ml

4.5 ± 4.0

4.1 ± 2.2

4.4 ± 4.0

4.1 ± 2.8

3.8 ± 3.5

3.6 ± 2.9

3.9 ± 2.6

2.6 ± 2.6

3.1 ± 2.8

   100 pg/ml

3.7 ± 3.7

6.5 ± 3.2

5.5 ± 5.8

35.8 ± 3.6**

3.3 ± 3.3

34.6 ± 1.3*

3.3 ± 2.6

2.4 ± 2.2

3.2 ± 2.6

  1. After 30 min with cytokines at the cited concentrations, rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes were fixed and immunofluorescence staining was performed. Nuclear translocation was confirmed by nuclear staining with Hoechst H33258. Using image analysis software, the mean green intensity of the nuclear staining was quantified in 10 randomly selected cells. Results are expressed as the mean of three independent experiments (mean ± standard deviation). The results were analyzed with the Kruskall-Wallis test. ***P < 0.001 versus medium, **P < 0.01 versus medium, *P < 0.05 versus medium, nonsignificant.