TY - JOUR AU - Loke, P'ng AU - Allison, James P. PY - 2004 DA - 2004/08/05 TI - Emerging mechanisms of immune regulation: the extended B7 family and regulatory T cells JO - Arthritis Res Ther SP - 208 VL - 6 IS - 5 AB - Whereas B7-1/B7-2 and CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) serve as the main switches regulating the clonal composition of activated naive T cells, other B7 family members fine-tune the expansion and properties of activated T cells. Inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)-B7h promotes T-dependent antibody isotype switching and expansion of effector cells. Effector T cells trafficking into inflamed tissues interact with antigen-presenting cells there and are regulated by PD-1 and its ligands. B7-H3 and B7x could control the interaction between effector T cells and the peripheral tissues. The different varieties of regulatory T cells could regulate both naive T cell activation and effector function through costimulatory receptor/ligands. SN - 1478-6354 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/ar1225 DO - 10.1186/ar1225 ID - Loke2004 ER -