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Table 2 Multivariable analysis of risk factors for low bone mineral density (BMD)

From: Rheumatoid arthritis and risk factors for low bone mineral density

Variable

Comparison

Spine, odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

P

Femoral neck, odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

P

Menopause

Premenopause

0.85 (0.42–1.74)

0.66

1.08 (0.52–2.52)

0.83

Ever HRT

Never HRT

0.69 (0.22–2.16)

0.53

0.55 (0.17–1.76)

0.31

Disease duration

     

   1–5 years

< 1 year

0.95 (0.30–3.07)

0.94

2.31 (0.63–8.52)

0.21

   5 years

< 1 year

1.22 (0.41–3.62)

0.72

4.83 (1.44–16.21)

0.01

Corticosteroids

     

   Never

Ever

0.87 (0.38–2.03)

0.75

0.69 (0.21–2.23)

0.54

   < 5 g cummulative

Never

1.35 (0.37–4.89)

0.65

1.62 (0.45–5.89)

0.46

   >10 g cummulative

Never

5.39 (1.95–14.86)

0.0001

3.73 (1.23–11.26)

0.02

  1. Low BMD, Z score < -1 compared with our normal population. HRT, hormone replacement therapy.