|
Mediator
|
Control
|
P*
|
MP-free synovial fluid
|
MP (1×)
|
Nx/Nt
|
P
†
|
MP (3×)
|
Nx/Nt
|
P
‡
|
|---|
| |
Unstimulated
|
IL-1β
| | | | | | | | |
|---|
|
MCP-1 (pg/ml)
|
456
|
4,754
|
0.001
|
469
|
488
|
6/11
|
0.010
|
900
|
4/6
|
0.156
|
| |
(355–1,292)
|
(2,492–6,081)
| |
(293–1,241)
|
(338–1,481)
|
higher
| |
(346–2,326)
|
higher
| |
|
sICAM-1 (ng/ml)
|
0.09
|
0.40
|
0.007
|
1.04
|
2.00
|
8/11
|
0.010
|
6.07
|
6/6
|
0.031
|
| |
(0–0.3)
|
(0–0.76)
| |
(0.34–1.84)
|
(0.35–4.07)
|
higher
| |
(0.91–11.75)
|
higher
| |
|
IL-8 (pg/ml)
|
0
|
8,642
|
0.001
|
26
|
301
|
5/11
|
0.008
|
790
|
6/6
|
0.031
|
| |
(0–564)
|
(2,954–18,330)
| |
(0–528)
|
(0–707)
|
higher
| |
(0–2,100)
|
higher
| |
|
IL-6 (pg/ml)
|
74
|
4949
|
0.001
|
110
|
136
|
7/11
|
0.042
|
436
|
6/6
|
0.031
|
| |
(24–1,710)
|
(1,870–22,797)
| |
(30–1,176)
|
(34–1,937)
|
higher
| |
(44–3,766)
|
higher
| |
|
VEGF (pg/ml)
|
48
|
79
|
0.014
|
34
|
74
|
10/11
|
0.001
|
111
|
6/6
|
0.078
|
| |
(11–102)
|
(7–141)
| |
(1–97)
|
(28–138)
|
higher
| |
(27–161)
|
higher
| |
|
GM-CSF (pg/ml)
|
32
|
53
|
0.004
|
31
|
22
|
10/11
|
0.002
|
18
|
6/6
|
0.016
|
| |
(28–40)
|
(40–72)
| |
(26–70)
|
(14–43)
|
lower
| |
(14–25)
|
lower
| |
|
RANTES (pg/ml)
|
0
|
138
|
0.001
|
0
|
0.2
|
4/11
|
0.031
|
4.2
|
5/6
|
0.062
|
| |
(0–74)
|
(46–277)
| |
(0–58)
|
(0–86)
|
higher
| |
(0–32)
|
higher
| |
- Results are medians, with ranges in parentheses. Concentrations of mediators were determined in the culture supernatant of the fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) by ELISA as described in the Materials and methods section. FLS were incubated for 24 hours with 1 ml of culture medium containing 1% FCS (negative control), 975 μl of culture medium supplemented with either (1) 25 μl of interleukin (IL)-1β (final concentration 125 pg/ml; positive control), (2) 25 μl (onefold (1×) or threefold (3×) concentrated) microparticles (MP), or (3) MP-free synovial fluid. P*, positive versus negative control; P†, MP (1×) versus MP-free synovial fluid; P‡, MP (3×) versus MP (1×). Nx/Nt, number of individual culture supernatants that contained elevated or decreased concentrations of mediators after incubation for 24 hours with isolated MP compared with MP-free synovial fluid, divided by the number of patients studied. GM-CSF, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor; sICAM-1, soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.
