|
Marker
|
Controls
|
Patients
|
Unadjusted
|
P (multivariable adjusted)
|
|---|
| | | | |
Model 1a
|
Model 2b
|
Model 3c
|
Model 4d
|
|---|
|
VCAM-1 (pg/ml)
|
506 (253–1067)
|
747 (391–2077)
|
<0.0001
|
<0.0001
|
<0.0001
|
<0.0001
|
0.08
|
|
ICAM-1 (pg/ml)
|
231 (82–857)
|
366 (135–993)
|
<0.0001
|
0.0002
|
<0.0001
|
0.0005
|
0.08
|
|
ELAM-1 (pg/ml)
|
48 (7–178)
|
58 (12–149)
|
<0.0001
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.7
|
0.08
|
- Results are expressed as median (range). Unadjusted comparisons were done using the Mann–Whitney U-test and adjustments for potentially explanatory variables were made using logistic regression models. aAdjusted for disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and prednisone use. bAdjusted for traditional risk factors (age; sex; race; smoking, alcohol and exercising status; diabetes; waist; systolic blood pressure; total cholesterol; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; triglycerides). cAdjusted for nontraditional risk factors (high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin IL-1, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α). dAdjusted for traditional and nontraditional risk factors. ELAM, endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; VCAM, vascular adhesion molecule.
