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Figure 1 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Figure 1

From: Interleukin-15 and interferon-γ participate in the cross-talk between natural killer and monocytic cells required for tumour necrosis factor production

Figure 1

TNF release in co-cultures of IL-15 activated lymphocytes and monocytes. (a) Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), monocytes or culture of both cell types were incubated with IL-15 (50 ng/ml; white column) or medium alone (black column) for 24 hours. As a positive control, monocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (50 ng/ml; grey column in monocytes condition). To determine the effect of intercellular contacts between lymphocytes and monocytes in the presence of IL-15 (50 ng/ml), cells were separated by a 0.4 μm pore transwell (grey column in PBL + Mo condition). TNF was measured in the cell-free supernatants with the use of an enzyme immunoassay. The data are shown as means ± SEM from five independent experiments. (b) PBL were stimulated with different doses of IL-15 (0.5 to 100 ng/ml) for 24 hours, and the cells were then washed and co-cultured with autologous monocytes at a 10:1 ratio of PBL to monocytes for a further 24 hours. As a control, the cells in culture were separated by a 0.4 μm pore transwell. TNF was measured in the cell-free supernatants with the use of an enzyme immunoassay. The data are shown as means ± SEM for eight independent experiments. (c) PBL were activated as described for (b) and then CD69 expression was analysed by flow cytometry. A representative experiment is shown. The grey histogram depicts CD69 expression and the black solid-line histogram the negative control.

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