Table 2 Means, SDs, and F and P values for ANOVA effects for group, time, and group × time (G × T) and T and P values for the main outcome variables

FIQ – Physical impairment

CBT

4.35 (2.12)

3.64 (2.30)

3.00 (2.43)

3.42 (2.29)

OBT

4.77 (2.24)

4.50 (1.91)

3.94 (2.06)

2.63 (1.57)

AP

4.19 (2.08)

4.03 (2.09)

4.77 (2.60)

5.20 (2.51)

CBT vs. OBT (F, P)

1.28 ns

5.02 ns

1.73 ns

1.94 ns

3.07 ns

0.68 ns

6.57 0.001

CBT vs. AP (F, P)

0.01 ns

1.28 ns

4.79 ns

6.36 0.010

OBT vs. AP (F, P)

1.06 ns

0.76 ns

1.35 ns

16.38 <0.001

Pain intensity

CBT

4.15 (0.84)

3.54 (1.03)

3.73 (0.94)

3.18 (1.42)

OBT

4.22 (0.99)

4.12 (1.12)

3.77 (0.94)

3.05 (1.40)

AP

3.80 (0.99)

3.79 (1.07)

4.07 (1.07)

4.14 (1.46)

CBT vs. OBT (F, P)

0.21 ns

2.23 ns

0.15 ns

0.49 ns

1.83 ns

11.70 <0.001

11.95 <0.001

CBT vs. AP (F, P)

2.72 ns

1.04 ns

2.94 ns

8.77 0.004

OBT vs. AP (F, P)

2.74 ns

1.69 ns

1.82 ns

11.79 0.001

MPI – Affective distress

CBT

3.22 (1.02)

2.84 (1.10)

2.57 (1.05)

2.56 (1.24)

OBT

3.17 (1.44)

3.31 (1.29)

3.14 (1.23)

2.92 (1.23)

AP

3.54 (1.29)

3.62 (1.34)

3.99 (1.37)

4.16 (1.44)

CBT vs. OBT (F, P)

0.29 ns

2.43 ns

2.88 ns

1.09 ns

8.34 0.001

0.28 ns

5.89 <0.001

CBT vs. AP (F, P)

1.96 ns

6.97 ns

20.65 <0.001

27.83 <0.001

OBT vs. AP (F, P)

2.79 ns

0.96 ns

4.94 ns

9.26 0.004

Number of physician visits

CBT

30.55 (16.20)

25.27 (18.47)

OBT

36.87 (15.15)

16.35 (18.26)

AP

34.13 (12.17)

47.65 (20.01)

CBT vs. OBT (F, P)

2.59 ns

4.77 0.010

10.99 <0.001

5.59 0.020

33.52 <0.001

CBT vs. AP (F, P)

1.16 ns

24.22 <0.001

OBT vs. AP (F, P)

0.72 ns

46.04 <0.001