Skip to main content
Figure 3 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Figure 3

From: Reactive oxygen species induce expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in chondrocytes and human articular cartilage explants

Figure 3

Quantitative mRNA expression of VEGF, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 normalized to the control (n = 1). Stimulation of immortalized chondrocytes (a) and (c) and articular cartilage explants (b) and (d) with PMA (μg per 1 ml of medium) or SIN-1 (μM). VEGFR-1 is undetectable in (b). mRNA expression of VEGF, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 is upregulated after stimulation with reactive oxygen species donors. Results are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean for five separate experiments. * p < 0.05 versus control. G3PDH, glyceroaldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; PMA, phorbol myristate acetate; SIN-1, 3-morpholino-sydnonimine hydrochloride; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, VEGF receptor.

Back to article page

Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

Contact us