Neuropsychological patterns in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with depression

Table 2 Test scores by group from the American College of Rheumatology neuropsychological battery for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

	Depressed-SLE patients (1)^a	Depressed-Controls (2)^a	Healthy Controls (3)^a	P value	Post hoc analyses
WAIS Revised Digit Symbol Test	43.1 ± 10.7	52.2 ± 8.0	55.3 ± 8.2	0.001	1 < 2, 3
WAIS Third Edition Letter Number Sequencing Test	50.3 ± 9.3	51.0 ± 6.5	50.7 ± 9.7	0.984
Stroop Color and Word Test Color-Word score	42.5 ± 8.7	41.9 ± 8.4	52.4 ± 7.6	<0.001	1, 2 < 3
Trail Making Test-Part B	42.8 ± 14.7	47.1 ± 9.8	57.9 ± 10.6	0.001	1, 2 < 3
Controlled Oral Word Association Test	48.0 ± 10.3	46.3 ± 8.6	49.1 ± 9.8	0.736
Animal Naming Test	48.5 ± 8.4	52.4 ± 7.8	53.5 ± 11.4	0.350
CVLT trials 1–5	48.7 ± 12.1	46.3 ± 6.5	52.0 ± 14.4	0.574
CVLT short-delay free-recall	48.5 ± 9.0	50.0 ± 12.5	50.7 ± 12.2	0.712
Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test: immediate recall	41.8 ± 15.7	44.6 ± 9.9	48.0 ± 12.6	0.375
Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test: 30-minute delayed recall	44.1 ± 15.3	46.6 ± 12.2	47.9 ± 11.4	0.678
Finger Tapping Test, dominant hand	47.3 ± 16.6	51.0 ± 8.2	54.8 ± 10.6	0.200
Finger Tapping Test, non-dominant hand	46.8 ± 16.2	51.2 ± 6.6	55.2 ± 11.8	0.143

^aData are presented as mean t score ± standard deviation. CVLT: California Verbal Learning Test; Depressed-Controls: control subjects with only a history or presence of major depressive disorder; Depressed-SLE: patients with a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and the presence of major depressive disorder; WAIS: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.

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