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Table 2 Cytokine and stromal factor levels in cell culture supernatants

From: Prolonged, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent, neutrophil survival following rheumatoid synovial fibroblast activation by IL-17 and TNFalpha

Analyte

Analyte concentration

 

Medium alone

TNFα

IL-17A

IL-17A and TNFα

IL-1β

--

--

--

--

IL-2

--

--

--

--

IL-6

*****

******

******

*******

IL-7

--

*

--

*

CXCL8

--

*****

--

******

IL-10

--

--

--

--

IL-15

--

--

--

--

Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor

--

*

--

**

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

*

**

*

*****

CCL2

--

--

--

*****

CCL3

*

***

*

*

CCL5

--

***

--

*

CXCL10

*

*

*

*

TNFα

--

--

--

--

  1. Supernatant from rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts cultured in medium alone, IL-17A, TNFα or both IL-17 and TNFα were assayed by multiplex ELISA for cytokines and chemokines, and by ELISA for IL-6 (lower detection limit, 15 pg/ml). Duplicate wells for each sample were analysed and the data shown are after subtracting background levels from wells. --, undetectable and <1 pg/ml; *, 1 to 50 pg/ml; **, 50.1 to 100 pg/ml; ***, 100.1 to 500 pg/ml; ****, 500.1 to 1,000 pg/ml; *****, 1,000.1 to 5,000 pg/ml; ******, 5,000.1 to 10,000 pg/ml; *******, 10,000.1 to 50,000 pg/ml.