Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. Evidence-based biomarkers for fibromyalgia syndrome

Table 1 Genetics in fibromyalgia

Reference	Year of study	Number of subjects	Number of control	Objective measure	Findings
Bondy and colleagues [5]	1999	168 FMS	115	5-HT2A, T102C polymorphism	Different from control, but not significant for specific allele
Gürsoy and colleagues [6]	2001	58 FMS	58	5-HT2A, T102C polymorphism	Not significant
Gürsoy and colleagues [7]	2003	61 FMS	61	COMT haplotype	Over-representation of LL variant (low activity). Similar to migraine and TMD
Offenbaecher and colleagues [8]	1999	62 FMS	110	5-HTT	One positive for over-representative SS genotype, one negative study. Suggestion that any association might be related to comorbid psychology
Gürsoy [9]	2002	53 FMS	60 mentally healthy	5-HTT
Yunus and colleagues [4]	1999	40 multicase families		HLA	Linkage to HLA
Buskila and colleagues [10]	2004			Dopamine D₄ receptor polymorphism	Decrease in the frequency of the seven-repeat allele in exon III of the D₄ receptor gene associated with fibromyalgia. Finding associated with low novelty-seeking personality

COMT, catecholamine o-methyl transferase; FMS, fibromyalgia syndrome; 5-HT2A, serotonergic 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (T/T phenotype); 5-HTT, serotonin transporter; TMD, temporomandibular disorder.

ISSN: 1478-6362