Skip to main content

Table 4 Fatty acids in adipose tissue and serum levels of lipids and anti-PC IgM in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), separated for diet

From: Rheumatoid cachexia is associated with dyslipidemia and low levels of atheroprotective natural antibodies against phosphorylcholine but not with dietary fat in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study

 

Normal diet (n = 46)

Mediterranean-like diet (n = 12)

P value

Mediterranean-like and vegetarian diets (n = 15)

P value

Adipose tissue:

     

SFA

29.2 (28.4 to 29.9)

29.1 (27.5 to 30.7)

0.60

28.8 (27.5 to 30.1)

0.90

14:0

3.3 (3.1 to 3.5)

3.4 (3.1 to 3.8)

0.60

3.5 (3.2 to 3.8)

0.43

16:0

21.7 (21.2 to 22.2)

21.7 (20.4 to 23.1)

0.92

21.4 (20.2 to 22.5)

0.55

MUFA

57.4 (56.7 to 58.1)

56.1 (54.6 to 57.6)

0.06

55.8 (54.4 to 57.2)

0.016

16:1 n7

6.5 (6.0 to 6.9)

6.0 (5.3 to 6.6)

0.30

5.8 (5.2 to 6.4)

0.13

18:1 n9

51.4 (50.9 to 52.0)

50.2 (48.9 to 51.2)

0.05

50.0 (49.0 to 51.0)

0.019

Omega 3

1.8 (1.7 to 1.9)

2.1 (1.7 to 2.6)

0.039

2.2 (1.8 to 2.6)

0.009

18:3 n3

1.1 (1.0 to 1.2)

1.1 (0.93 to 1.2)

0.72

1.1 (1.0 to 1.3)

0.22

20:5 n3

0.14 (0.12 to 0.16)

0.19 (0.12 to 0.25)*

0.08

0.15 (0.11 to 0.25)*

0.16

22:5 n3

0.33 (0.29 to 0.37)

0.40 (0.31 to 0.50)

0.06

0.39 (0.29 to 0.48)

0.11

22:6 n3

0.32 (0.28 to 0.36)

0.47 (0.25 to 0.59)*

0.07

0.47 (0.20 to 0.60)*

0.13

Omega 6

11.0 (10.6 to 11.3)

12.0 (10.7 to 13.2)

0.06

12.6 (11.2 to 14.1)

0.004

18:2 n6

10.1 (9.7 to 10.5)

11.2 (9.8 to 12.5)

0.06

11.9 (10.4 to 13.4)

0.003

20:4 n6

0.40 (0.36 to 0.44)

0.39 (0.31 to 0.46)

0.81

0.32 (0.26 to 0.45)*

0.35

Serum lipids:

     

Cholesterol, mmol/l

5.3 (5.0 to 5.6)

5.1 (4.7 to 5.6)

0.60

5.1 (4.8 to 5.5)

0.57

HDL, mmol/l

1.9 (1.7 to 2.0)

1.9 (1.4 to 2.4)

0.97

1.9 (1.5 to 2.3)

0.86

LDL, mmol/l

2.9 (2.7 to 3.2)

2.8 (2.3 to 3.2)

0.58

2.8 (2.3 to 3.2)

0.52

OxLDL, U/l

62.1 (55.7 to 68.4)

59.4 (50.0 to 68.9)

0.67

58.8 (51.2 to 66.3)

0.57

Triacylglycerol, mmol/l

0.98 (0.88 to 1.1)

1.0 (0.82 to 1.2)

0.63

1.0 (0.81 to 1.1)

0.95

anti-PC IgM, U/mla

43.5 (30.3 to 65.5)

198.2 (171.6 to 209.2)

<0.001

188.2 (63.3 to 208.1)

<0.001

  1. Values are means (95% confidence interval) and amedians (interquartile range). The fatty acids in adipose tissue are expressed as a percentage of total fat. Significant results are in bold.
  2. Anti-PC IgM, antibodies against phosphorylcholine IgM; FA, fatty acid; HDL< high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; oxLDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; SFA, saturated fatty acid.