Skip to main content

Table 4 Annual use and cost of health care and non-health care resources among study subjects by group

From: Treating patients with fibromyalgia in primary care settings under routine medical practice: a claim database cost and burden of illness study

Resource/type of cost

FMS patients

n = 1,081

Reference group

n = 62,445

Adjusted differences and/or odds ratio (95% CI) and P valuea

Mean annual use of health care and non-health care resources

GP office visits

13.5 (10.1)

7.7 (8.2)

5.0 (3.8–6.3); P < 0.001

Complementary testsb

0.4 (0.7)

0.2 (0.5)

0.3 (0.2–0.4); P < 0.001

Referrals

1.5 (1.6)

0.8 (1.1)

0.7 (0.5–0.8); P < 0.001

Emergency room visits

0.6 (1.1)

0.4 (0.8)

0.3 (0.2–0.4); P < 0.001

Hospitalizations, stays

1.48 (0.79)

1.47 (1.07)

0.44 (-0.29–1.17); P = 0.239

Sick leave, days

20.9 (57.2)

8.0 (30.7)

23.5 (18.3–28.7); P < 0.001

Premature retirement, %c

29.9

9.5

3.58 (3.13–4.10); P < 0.001d

Mean annualized costs in euros, total and disaggregated in components

Health care costs

1,677.3 (1,467.4)

934.8 (1,390.2)

613.6 (403.7–823.4); P < 0.001

Physician visitsb

424.0 (304.7)

233.5 (236.1)

171.7 (134.7–208.7); P < 0.001

Complementary tests

275.9 (282.8)

126.6 (198.6)

108.8 (77.2–140.3); P < 0.001

Hospitalizations

268.6 (760.1)

213.9 (783.9)

101.7 (-27.1–230.5); P = 0.122

Drugs

706.5 (840.8)

359.7 (710.2)

229.8 (124.1–335.4); P < 0.001

Non-health care costs

6,977.0 (9,256.6)

2,330.5 (6,100.9)

4,396.5 (3,373.2–5,419.8); P < 0.001

Sick leave

815.8 (2,565.3)

376.0 (1,486.1)

836.8 (587.1–1,086.5); P < 0.001

Early retirementc

6,161.2 (9,442.8)

1,954.5 (6,040.1)

3,559.7 (2,547.8–4,571.6); P < 0.001

Total cost

8,654.3 (9,645.7)

3,265.3 (6,421.5)

5,010.1 (3,494.0–6,076.2); P < 0.001

  1. Values are presented as mean (standard deviation). aDifferences are adjusted for age and gender. bIncludes all types of medical visits, referrals, and emergency room visits. cPermanent disability for work as a consequence of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) before 65 years of age in active population only. dAdjusted odds ratio for age and gender. CI, confidence interval; GP, general practitioner.