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Table 2 Absolute number of circulating CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, percentage ofactivated CD4+ T cells, regulatory CD4+ T cells (Treg) and percentage of cells expressing intracellular CTLA-4 in healthy controls, patients with Spondylarthropathies and rheumatoid arthritis

From: Increased production of soluble CTLA-4 in patients with spondylarthropathies correlates with disease activity

 

Healthy controls

(n = 15)

Spondylarthropathies

(n = 32)

Rheumatoid arthritis

(n = 22)

P

CD3+ T cells (/mm 3 )

1397 ± 79

(925 to 1806)

1360 ± 80.8

(622 to 2681)

1129 ± 140

(336 to 3024)

0.005 (KW)

RA vs HC 0.004 (MW)

SpA vs HC NS

SpA vs RA 0.007 (MW)

CD4+ T cells (/mm 3 )

817 ± 45

(449 to 1024)

875 ± 49.5

(391 to 1699)

804 ± 102

(239 to 2306)

NS

CD8+ T cells (/mm 3 )

573 ± 47

(379 to 860)

457 ± 39.6

(130 to 979)

326 ± 52

(72 to 1260)

0.0006 (KW)

RA vs HC 0.0007 (MW)

SpA vs HC 0.051

RA vs SpA 0.006 (MW)

HLA-DR+ Foxp3-

CD4+ T cells

(% of CD4+ T cells)

16.6 ± 5.53

(5 to 70)

22.03 ± 4.56

(4 to 100)

12.14 ± 1.29

(5 to 26)

NS

CD25+ Foxp3+

CD4+ T cells

(% of CD4+T cells)

7.94 ± 1.04

(3.6 to 16)

8.2 ± 0.61

(4 to 14.4)

8.72 ± 0.7

(2.9 to 13.5)

NS

Intracellular CTLA-4 in CD4+ T cells (%)

4.35 ± 1.10

(1 to 13.3)

2.51 ± 0.40

(0 to 5.9)

1.35 ± 0.48*,§

(0 to 7.5)

0.005 (KW)

RA vs HC 0.003

SpA vs HC NS

RA vs SpA 0.02

Intracellular CTLA-4 in CD4+ Treg (%)

2.76 ± 0.44

(0.5 to 6.3)

1.88 ± 0.34

(0 to 5)

0.90 ± 0.32*,§

(0 to 3.9)

0.007 (KW)

RA vs HC 0.0045

SpA vs HC NS

SpA vs RA 0.027

Intracellular CTLA-4 in Activated CD4+ T cells (%)

1.59 ± 0.72

(0 to 7)

0.63 ± 0.26

(0 to 5)

0.5 ± 0.29

(0 to 5)

NS

Intracellular CTLA-4 in CD8+ T cells (%)

2.03 ± 0.57

(0.4 to 7)

2.64 ± 0.32

(0 to 6.3)

3.49 ± 0.88

(0.1 to 13.7)

NS

Intracellular CTLA-4 in CD3- lymphocytes (%)

0.89 ± 0.72

(0 to 8)

0.67 ± 0.21

(0 to 3.3)

3.50 ± 0.77*,§

(0 to 11)

0.0025 (KW)

RA vs HC 0.0077

SpA vs HC NS

SpA vs RA: 0.0017

Intracellular CTLA-4 in the lymphocyte gate (total lymphocytes) (%)

7.27 ± 1.27

(1.4 to 15)

3 ± 0.48

(0 to 7.6)

6.89 ± 1.3§

(0.1 to 19.3)

0.004 (KW)

RA vs HC 0.0045

SpA vs HC NS

SpA vs RA 0.007

  1. Percentage of intracellular CTLA-4 was determined by flow cytometry. Results are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean, (range). The Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test was used to compare T cell subsets and intracellular CTLA-4 expression in the three groups. Then, Mann-Whitney U-test was used to calculate the exact P values between two groups.
  2. HC = healthy controls; HLA = Histocompatibility Leukocyte Antigen; KW = Kruskal-Wallis; MW = Mann-Whitney; NS = not significant; RA = rheumatoid arthritis; SpA = spondylarthropathie.