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Figure 2 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Figure 2

From: Anti-inflammatory and arthritic effects of thiacremonone, a novel sulfurcompound isolated from garlic via inhibition of NF-κB

Figure 2

Effects of thiacremonone on TPA-induced ear edema, and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in mice. (a) 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 1 μg/ear) alone or together with thiacremonone (Thia; 1 or 2 μg/ear) in 10 μl acetone was topically applied to the right ear of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (n = 6). The thickness or weight of the ear punches were determined as described in Materials and Methods. (b) Equal amounts of total proteins (40 μg/lane) were subjected to 10% SDS-PAGE, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in mice ear edema tissues (2 lanes/each group) was detected by western blotting using specific antibodies. β-actin protein was used as an internal control. (c) DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was determined by electromobility shift assay (EMSA) in nuclear extracts from mice ear edema tissues (2 lanes/each group) as described in Materials and Methods. (d) Equal amounts of total proteins (40 μg/lane) were subjected to 10% SDS-PAGE, and nuclear translocation of p50 and p65, and degradation of inhibitory (I) κB in mice ear edema tissues (2 lanes/each group) was detected by western blotting using specific antibodies. β-actin protein was used as an internal control. Values are mean ± standard deviation (n = 6). # indicates significantly different from control group (P < 0.05). * P < 0.05 indicate statistically significant differences from the TPA-treated group.

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