Table 2 Univariate analyses of demographic, medical and psychological variables in relationship to BASFI
Independent variable | Mean difference in BASFI | 95% confidence interval | Pvalue |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (at baseline visit) | 0.48 | 0.28-0.68 | < 0.001 |
Education | -3.07 | -5.36--0.78 | 0.009 |
Gender (male) | -3.18 | -9.48-3.12 | 0.322 |
Ethnicity (white) | -1.17 | -8.73-6.39 | 0.761 |
Employment (yes) | -16.41 | -22.27--10.54 | < 0.001 |
Student (yes) | 0.75 | -9.49-10.99 | 0.885 |
Married (yes) | 3.31 | -2.76-9.38 | 0.284 |
Current tobacco use (yes) | 9.64 | 0.48-18.81 | 0.039 |
Number of medical co-morbidities | 3.48 | 1.32-5.64 | 0.002 |
NSAIDs (yes) | 2.37 | -3.49-8.23 | 0.427 |
Biologics (yes) | -2.46 | -8.33-3.40 | 0.409 |
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate | 0.41 | 0.23-0.59 | < 0.001 |
Disease duration | 0.37 | 0.15-0.58 | < 0.001 |
BASRI | 1.74 | 0.97-2.50 | < 0.001 |
Frequency of exercise/week | -0.19 | -1.44-1.06 | 0.766 |
Back exercise (yes) | -7 | -13.11--0.893 | 0.025 |
Physical therapy (yes) | 8.75 | -1.63-19.13 | 0.098 |
Resilience coping (BRCS) | -1.42 | -2.30--0.55 | 0.002 |
Arthritis internality | -1.34 | -1.81--0.87 | < 0.001 |
Arthritis helplessness | 2.76 | 2.18-3.34 | < 0.001 |
Depression (PHQ-9) | 2.40 | 1.90-2.91 | < 0.001 |
Active coping | -0.49 | -1.04-0.07 | 0.086 |
Passive coping | 1.39 | 1.04-1.75 | < 0.001 |