Active immunization to tumor necrosis factor-α is effective in treating chronic established inflammatory disease: a long-term study in a transgenic model of arthritis

Table 1 Histological evaluation of arthritis in human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha transgenic mice immunized with TNF kinoid

Group	Number of mice	Inflammation score	Incidence	Destruction score	Incidence
TNF-K (3 injections, sacrifice at week 27)	8	0.1 ± 0.1^a	2/8^b	0.0 ± 0.0^a	1/8^c
TNF-K (3 injections without maintenance dose, sacrifice at week 45)	8	0.6 ± 0.2^d	6/8	0.2 ± 0.1^d	3/8
TNF-K (3 injections with maintenance dose, sacrifice at week 45)	7	0.5 ± 0.1^d	7/7	0.3 ± 0.1^d	5/7
Intermittent infliximab (sacrifice at week 45)	8	1.4 ± 0.1	8/8	0.9 ± 0.2	7/8
Phosphate-buffered saline (sacrifice at week 27)	8	1.6 ± 0.1	8/8	0.9 ± 0.2	7/8

The incidence of inflammation/destruction as evaluated by histology is the number of mice with a score of inflammation/destruction of at least 0.25. Results are given as mean ± standard error of the mean. ^aP < 0.05 versus phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); ^bP < 0.01 versus PBS; ^cP < 0.05 versus PBS; ^dP < 0.05 versus infliximab. TNF-K, tumor necrosis factor kinoid.