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Table 2 Odds ratios [95% CI] for educational attainment associated with four knee OA outcomes

From: Limited educational attainment and radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Johnston County (North Carolina) Osteoarthritis Project

 

Men

Women

Postmenopausal women

Radiographic knee OA

n = 1,053

n = 1,574

n = 1,330

Unadjusted

1.65 [1.25, 2.17]

2.30 [1.84, 2.86]

2.18 [1.72, 2.76]

Adjusted age/race

1.12 [0.83, 1.53]

1.61 [1.26, 2.05]

1.55 [1.19, 2.01]

+ Lifestyle, clinical

1.23 [0.89, 1.70]

1.39 [1.08, 1.80]

1.35 [1.02, 1.78]

+ Occupation

1.21 [0.85, 1.71]

1.48 [1.12, 1.96]

1.34 [0.99, 1.81]

+ HRT

N/A

N/A

1.33 [0.98, 1.79]

Bilateral radiographic knee OA

n = 908

n = 1,338

n = 1,132

Unadjusted

1.81 [1.25, 2.61]

2.77 [2.09, 3.67]

2.59 [1.92, 3.49]

Adjusted age/race

1.05 [0.69, 1.59]

1.72 [1.26, 2.35]

1.68 [1.21, 2.34]

+ Lifestyle/clinical

1.17 [0.76, 1.80]

1.45 [1.03, 2.04]

1.44 [1.01, 2.07]

+ Occupation

1.06 [0.67, 1.68]

1.62 [1.12, 2.36]

1.55 [1.05, 2.30]

+ HRT

N/A

N/A

1.53 [1.03, 2.27]

Symptomatic knee OA

n = 1,052

n = 1,571

n = 1,327

Unadjusted

2.03 [1.43, 2.86]

2.69 [2.06, 3.5]

2.39 [1.81, 3.16]

Adjusted age/ethnicity

1.55 [1.06, 2.26]

1.90 [1.42, 2.54]

1.74 [1.28, 2.36]

+ Lifestyle, clinical

1.71 [1.14, 2.56]

1.66 [1.21, 2.27]

1.51 [1.08, 2.11]

+ Occupation

1.86 [1.20, 2.87]

1.64 [1.16, 2.31]

1.46 [1.02, 2.10]

+ HRT

N/A

N/A

1.46 [1.01, 2.09]

Bilateral symptomatic knee OA

n = 943

n = 1,403

n = 1,172

Unadjusted

1.50 [0.82, 2.76]

3.11 [2.08, 4.64]

2.86 [1.86, 4.41]

Adjusted age/ethnicity

0.94 [0.48, 1.84]

2.07 [1.33, 3.20]

1.99 [1.25, 3.19]

+ Lifestyle, clinical

1.07 [0.53, 2.13]

1.75 [1.10, 2.81]

1.76 [1.07, 2.91]

+ Occupation

0.90 [0.43, 1.88]

1.87 [1.13, 3.11]

1.87 [1.09, 3.20]

+ HRT

N/A

N/A

1.84 [1.07, 3.16]

  1. Odds ratios compare low (<12 years) with high (≥ 12 years) educational attainment for having a knee OA outcome. For all models, data are restricted to individuals having a complete set of nonmissing values for their explanatory variables, and covariates are added (+) cumulatively.
  2. Adjusted age/race, adjusted for age and race.
  3. +Lifestyle/Clinical, additionally adjusted for alcohol and tobacco use, BMI, and knee injury.
  4. +Occupation, additionally adjusted for occupational category, physical activity score.
  5. +HRT, additionally adjusted for use of hormone replacement therapy.