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Table 3 Odds ratios [95%CI] for all independent variables associated with four knee OA outcomes

From: Limited educational attainment and radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Johnston County (North Carolina) Osteoarthritis Project

  Men Women Postmenopausal women
Radiographic knee OA n = 1,053 n = 1,574 n = 1,330
Education (low) 1.21 [0.85, 1.71] 1.48 [1.12, 1.96] 1.33 [0.98, 1.79]
Physical activity (high) 1.04 [0.76, 1.42] 1.03 [0.80, 1.31] 0.99 [0.76, 1.30]
Occupation, PD 1.04 [0.74, 1.47] 0.86 [0.65, 1.14] 0.99 [0.73, 1.34]
Age 55-64 2.30 [1.51, 3.51] 1.46 [1.06, 2.02] 1.46 [1.00, 2.12]
Age 65-74 4.39 [2.87, 6.72] 2.71 [1.92, 3.84] 2.48 [1.66, 3.72]
Age 75 and over 5.48 [3.12, 9.65] 7.13 [4.67, 10.9] 6.26 [3.87, 10.1]
African American 1.31 [0.92, 1.85] 0.92 [0.71, 1.20] 0.79 [0.59, 1.04]
Knee injury 2.82 [1.97, 4.05] 1.69 [1.24, 2.31] 1.74 [1.25, 2.42]
BMI/5 1.35 [1.16, 1.58] 1.71 [1.55, 1.89] 1.68 [1.51, 1.87]
Current smoking 0.60 [0.41, 0.89] 0.91 [0.63, 1.31] 0.87 [0.58, 1.29]
Current alcohol 1.11 [0.79, 1.57] 0.62 [0.41, 0.95] 0.66 [0.42, 1.05]
Current HRT N/A N/A 0.58 [0.41, 0.83]
Bilateral radiographic knee OA n = 908 n = 1,338 n = 1,132
Education (low) 1.06 [0.67, 1.68] 1.62 [1.12, 2.36] 1.53 [1.03, 2.27]
Physical activity (high) 0.86 [0.57, 1.30] 1.02 [0.73, 1.41] 0.99 [0.70, 1.40]
Occupation, PD 1.40 [0.87, 2.25] 0.75 [0.52, 1.10] 0.81 [0.55, 1.21]
Age 55-64 4.48 [2.35, 8.55] 2.04 [1.28, 3.26] 1.87 [1.09, 3.22]
Age 65-74 8.38 [4.38, 16.0] 4.60 [2.81, 7.55] 3.92 [2.21, 6.94]
Age 75 and over 10.6 [4.68, 23.9] 13.6 [7.64, 24.2] 10.7 [5.60, 20.6]
African American 1.81 [1.16, 2.83] 1.08 [0.77, 1.52] 0.91 [0.63, 1.30]
Knee injury 2.42 [1.49, 3.94] 1.71 [1.15, 2.55] 1.62 [1.06, 2.48]
BMI/5 1.46 [1.17, 1.82] 2.08 [1.82, 2.37] 2.03 [1.76, 2.35]
Current smoking 0.59 [0.35, 0.99] 0.79 [0.46, 1.35] 0.69 [0.38, 1.24]
Current alcohol 1.20 [0.76, 1.90] 0.76 [0.43, 1.34] 0.93 [0.52, 1.68]
Current HRT N/A N/A 0.44 [0.26, 0.74]
Symptomatic knee OA n = 1,052 n = 1,571 n = 1,327
Education (low) 1.86 [1.20, 2.87] 1.64 [1.16, 2.31] 1.46 [1.01, 2.09]
Physical activity (high) 0.83 [0.57, 1.22] 1.23 [0.90, 1.66] 1.22 [0.88, 1.68]
Occupation, PD 0.86 [0.56, 1.33] 1.01 [0.72, 1.44] 1.06 [0.74, 1.53]
Age 55-64 2.45 [1.40, 4.27] 2.36 [1.53, 3.64] 2.14 [1.30, 3.52]
Age 65-74 4.33 [2.49, 7.55] 3.28 [2.05, 5.26] 2.95 [1.72, 5.06]
Age 75 and over 4.83 [2.35, 9.92] 12.2 [7.18, 20.8] 10.9 [5.94, 19.9]
African American 1.13 [0.73, 1.75] 0.81 [0.59, 1.12] 0.70 [0.49, 0.98]
Knee injury 4.05 [2.68, 6.11] 2.77 [1.96, 3.92] 2.63 [1.82, 3.78]
BMI/5 1.57 [1.30, 1.90] 1.90 [1.69, 2.14] 1.88 [1.66, 2.14]
Current smoking 0.86 [0.54, 1.37] 1.22 [0.76, 1.96] 1.12 [0.68, 1.86]
Current alcohol 1.40 [0.92, 2.14] 0.52 [0.29, 0.94] 0.57 [0.31, 1.07]
Current HRT N/A N/A 0.75 [0.48, 1.17]
Bilateral symptomatic knee OA n = 943 n = 1,403 n = 1,172
Education (low) 0.90 [0.43, 1.88] 1.87 [1.13, 3.11] 1.84 [1.07, 3.16]
Physical activity (high) 0.81 [0.42, 1.60] 0.96 [0.61, 1.51] 0.97 [0.60, 1.57]
Occupation, PD 1.87 [0.86, 4.06] 0.84 [0.50, 1.39] 0.85 [0.49, 1.45]
Age 55-64 5.40 [1.68, 17.4] 3.40 [1.69, 6.85] 3.99 [1.64, 9.74]
Age 65-74 9.64 [3.03, 30.7] 5.10 [2.41, 10.8] 4.92 [1.91, 12.7]
Age 75 and over 16.9 [4.42, 64.5] 18.2 [7.92, 41.9] 16.8 [6.04, 46.6]
African American 1.13 [0.54, 2.37] 0.89 [0.56, 1.42] 0.81 [0.49, 1.33]
Knee Injury 2.19 [1.03, 4.65] 2.11 [1.26, 3.52] 1.79 [1.03, 3.12]
BMI/5 1.81 [1.31, 2.50] 2.20 [1.86, 2.60] 2.12 [1.76, 2.54]
Current smoking 0.77 [0.33, 1.77] 1.33 [0.65, 2.72] 1.23 [0.57, 2.68]
Current alcohol 1.51 [0.73, 3.14] 0.62 [0.26, 1.48] 0.78 [0.32, 1.89]
Current HRT N/A N/A 0.48 [0.22, 1.06]
  1. Results are taken from the fully adjusted models as presented for education in Table 2
  2. PD, Physically Demanding (Occupation); Low educational attainment, <12 years; Occupationally related Physical Activity Score, high is ≥ 10 on a scale of 0-16 for lifting, standing, walking, and squatting.
  3. BMI/5 is the continuous, model variable; the OR represents an increase of 5 units of BMI.
  4. The referent class for age is 45-54 years.
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

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