Accelerated hand bone mineral density loss is associated with progressive joint damage in hands and feet in recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis

Table 2 Baseline and one-year follow-up predictors of subsequent progressive total joint damage in hands and feet after four years derived from univariate logistic regression analyses

	Progressive total joint damage 1-4 ≥ 5 units
	β	OR (95% CI)	Pvalue
Baseline variables
Female gender	-0.28	0.76 (0.38-1.49)	0.418
Age ≥ 50 years	-0.11	0.90 (0.47-1.71)	0.744
Postmenopausal status	0.56	1.75 (0.70-4.40)	0.232
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²	-0.54	0.58 (0.31-1.11)	0.100
Symptom duration ≥ 6 months	-0.02	0.98 (0.52-1.87)	0.958
Presence ACPA	1.57	4.80 (1.39-16.6)	0.001
Presence RF	1.14	3.11 (1.43-6.78)	0.004
Number of swollen joints ≥ 10	-0.42	0.66 (0.32-1.33)	0.243
Ritchie articular index ≥ 10	-0.39	0.68(0.34-1.36)	0.276
ESR ≥ 30 mm/hr	0.12	1.13 (0.59-2.18)	0.714
CRP ≥ 10 mg/L	0.63	1.88 (0.82-4.31)	0.136
HAQ ≥ 1.057 units	-0.39	0.67 (0.35-1.30)	0.240
SHS ≥ 1 unit	1.99	7.29 (1.70-31.14)	0.007
First year follow-up variables
High AUC number of swollen joints	-0.002	0.998 (0.991-1.006)	0.692
High AUC Ritchie articular index	-0.003	0.997 (0.992-1.003)	0.325
High AUC ESR	0.002	1.002 (1.001-1.004)	0.003
High AUC CRP	0.003	1.003 (1.001-1.004)	0.000
Delta HAQ ≤ -0.22 units	0.273	1.31 (0.56-3.09)	0.531
Progressive SHS ≥ 5 units	3.42	30.7 (9.4-100.1)	0.000
Hand BMD loss >0.003 g/cm²	1.15	3.14 (1.30-7.57)	0.011

All variables are adjusted for age, gender, postmenopausal status, BMI and HAQ. First follow-up variables are additionally adjusted for treatment group and the use of intraarticular corticosteroids injections and anti-resorptive therapy (bisphosphonates, calcium and vitamin D suppletion and hormone replacement therapy).
ACPA, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies; AUC, area under the curve; BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAQ, health assessment questionnaire; OR, odds ratio; RF, rheumatoid factor; SHS, Sharp-van der Heijde score.

ISSN: 1478-6362