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Figure 2 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Figure 2

From: Bone loss: Therapeutic approaches for preventing bone loss in inflammatory arthritis

Figure 2

Various proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines converge on RANKL-OPG, and the net balance determines bone loss in inflammatory arthritis. 1,25(OH)2D = 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D; 17-βE = 17-β estrogen; bmp = bone morphogenetic protein; GC = glucocorticoids; OB/SC = osteoblast/stromal cell; OPG = osteoprotegerin; RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand; PTH = parathyroid hormone; TGF = transforming growth factor; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.

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