Table 2 Description of study interventions and outcome measures
Study | Intervention | Control intervention | Intervention duration | Post-treatment measurements | Outcome measures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rannou, et al. [31] | Use of splint at night only | Usual care based on physician's discretion | 1 year | 1 month (use of splint) Immediate | VAS (previous 48 hours) VAS during pinch CHFS Pinch strength Kapandji index |
Basford, et al. [22] | Laser (15 seconds × 4 points) × 3 sessions/week | Sham laser (15 seconds × 4 points) × 3 sessions/week | 3 weeks | Immediate | Joint tenderness of thumb CMC, MCP, and IP and of other joints (0-5) Grasp, lateral pinch, and 3-finger chuck pinch strength Thumb CMC planar and palmar abduction, thumb MCP extension and flexion, and thumb IP extension and flexion |
Brosseau, et al. [24] | Laser (1 second × 74 points) × 20 minutes/session × 3 sessions/week | Sham laser (1 second × 74 points) × 20 minutes/session × 3 sessions/week | 6 weeks | Immediate 6 weeks 12 weeks 24 weeks | AUSCAN VAS (data not available) Lateral pinch and 3-finger chuck pinch strength CMC flexion and opposition, DIP flexion, MCP flexion, and PIP flexion ROM |
Stange-Rezende, et al. [35] | Room with heated tiled stove (≥3 hours × 3 sessions/week) + customary treatment (as for control) | Customary treatment (NSAIDs, analgesics, home exercises, physiotherapy) | 3 weeks | Immediate | VAS (general pain; in hands and global hand function) AUSCAN Grip strength |
Favaro, et al. [39] | Infrared radiation (20 minutes/sessions × 10 sessions) | Sham infrared radiation (not reported) | Not reported | Not reported | Grip strength |
Stamm, et al. [34] | Joint protection program - written instructions plus home exercise program (7 ROM exercises × 10 times daily) | Education about OA (20-minute session) plus use of non-slip matting to open jars | 3 months | Immediate | Self-reported global hand function - HAQ Grip strength |
Lefler and Armstrong [30] | Strengthening exercise program × 3 sessions/week | No treatment | 6 weeks | Immediate | Pain (0-6) Grip, palmar, 2nd-5th digit, and lateral pinch strength Finger joint ROM |
Rogers and Wilder [33] | Exercise program (6 ROM exercises and 3 strengthening exercises) (10 to 15 minutes daily) | Sham hand cream (cream was applied once daily using gentle technique) | 16 weeks | Immediate | AUSCAN Maximal right grip strength and other grip and pinch strength |
Field, et al. [27] | Massage on wrist/hand (once/week) + daily home self-massage | No treatment | 4 weeks | Immediate | VAS anchored with 5 faces (VITAS) Perceived grip strength |
Dickens and Lewith [26] | Acupuncture (6 sessions over 2 weeks) | Mock transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (6 sessions over 2 weeks) | 2 weeks | Immediate 2 weeks | VAS in general, joint tenderness Functional score Pinch strength |