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Table 1 Characteristics of the study populationa

From: Whole blood lead levels are associated with radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project

Characteristic

Knee rOA (n= 1635)b

Knee sxOA (n= 1605)b

Mean whole blood Pbc, μg/dl (±SD)

2.4 (2.5)

2.4 (2.5)

Mean age, yr (±SD)

65.3 (11.0)

65.2 (11.0)

Mean BMI, kg/m2 (±SD)

31.2 (7.1)

31.2 (7.1)

African-Americans, n (%)

582 (35.6%)

573 (35.7%)

Women, n (%)

1085 (66.4%)

1069 (66.6%)

Current smoker, n (%)

259 (16.5%)

257 (16.6%)

Current drinker, n (%)

333 (21.2%)

329 (21.2%)

Knee outcomes

rOA

sxOA

   Present, n (%)

659 (40.3%)

384 (23.9%)

   Bilateral, n (%)

377 (23.1%)

170 (10.6%)

   Moderate to severe, n (%)

426 (26.1%)

271 (16.9%)

  1. arOA, radiographic osteoarthritis; sxOA, symptomatic osteoarthritis; SD, standard deviation; Pb, lead; BMI, body mass index; bsamples with complete data for knee rOA and knee sxOA, respectively; cmedian, 1.8 μg/dl (range, 0.3 to 42.0 μg/dl).