From: Contemporary epidemiology of gout in the UK general population
Characteristics | Controls N= 50,000 N (%) | Gout cases N= 24,768 N (%) | Multivariate OR (95% CI)* |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||
Male | 36,953 (73.91) | 17,946 (72.46) | - |
Female | 13,047 (26.09) | 6,822 (27.54) | - |
Age | |||
20 to 49 years | 10,211 (20,42) | 5,290 (21.36) | - |
50 to 59 years | 10,111 (20.22) | 4,873 (19.67) | - |
60 to 69 years | 11,930 (23.86) | 5,753 (23.23) | - |
70 to 79 years | 11,896 (23.79) | 5,858 (23.65) | - |
80 to 89 years | 5,852 (11.70) | 2,994 (12.09) | - |
Alcohol (units per week)‡ | |||
Non-use | 16,396 (32.79) | 7,628 (30.80) | 1 (ref) |
1 to 9 u/w | 13,362 (26.72) | 5,960 (24.06) | 1.06 (1.01 to 1.11) |
10 to 24 u/w | 8,150 (16.30) | 5,074 (20.49) | 1.56 (1.49 to 1.65) |
25 to 42 u/w | 2,152 (4.30) | 2,053 (8.29) | 2.45 (2.27 to 2.63) |
more than 42 u/w | 633 (1.27) | 739 (2.98) | 3.00 (2.66 to 3.38) |
unknown | 9,307 (18.61) | 3,314 (13.38) | 1.15 (1.08 to 1.23) |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||
15 to 19 | 1,588 (3.18) | 315 (1.27) | 0.66 (0.58 to 0.76) |
20 to 24 | 13,899 (27.80) | 4,225 (17.06) | 1 (ref) |
25 to 29 | 16,623 (33.25) | 9,169 (37.02) | 1.62 (1.55 to 1.70) |
> = 30 | 7,412 (14.82) | 7,176 (28.97) | 2.34 (2.22 to 2.47) |
unknown | 10,478 (20.96) | 3,883 (15.68) | 1.48 (1.39 to 1.57) |
Number of GP visits | |||
0 to 4 visits | 22,700 (45.40) | 6,785 (27.39) | 1 (ref) |
5 to 9 visits | 13,201 (26.40) | 6,692 (27.02) | 1.38 (1.32 to 1.44) |
10 to 19 visits | 10,422 (20.84) | 7,400 (29.88) | 1.66 (1.58 to 1.74) |
> = 20 visits | 3,677 (7.35) | 3,891 (15.71) | 2.13 (1.99 to 2.27) |
Chronic renal failure | 467 (0.93) | 947 (3.82) | 2.48 (2.19 to 2.81) |
Hypertension | 16,280 (32.56) | 12,858 (51.91) | 1.18 (1.13 to 1.23) |
Heart failure | 1,422 (2.84) | 2,142 (8.65) | 1.84 (1.70 to 2.00) |
Ischemic heart disease | 6,716 (13.43) | 4,923 (19.88) | 1.19 (1.14 to 1.25) |
Hyperlipidemia | |||
Hypercholesterolemia† | 4,188 (8.38) | 3,124 (12.61) | 1.08 (1.02 to 1.14) |
Hypertrygliceridemia† | 218 (0.44) | 216 (0.87) | 1.45 (1.18 to 1.79) |
Other dyslipidemia† | 1,849 (3.70) | 1,699 (6.86) | 1.21 (1.12 to 1.31) |
Diabetes | 3,885 (7.77) | 2,404 (9.71) | 0.66 (0.62 to 0.71) |
Nephrolithiasis | 776 (1.55) | 446 (1.80) | 1.03 (0.91 to 1.18) |
Psoriasis | 1,894 (3.79) | 1,173(4.74) | 1.12 (1.04 to 1.22) |