Table 1 Characteristics of human subjects used in this study
From: Defective response of CD4+T cells to retinoic acid and TGFβ in systemic lupus erythematosus
Patients (142) | Controls (83) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Median age (range) | 35 (20 to 74) | 32 (19 to 61) | ||
number | percentage | number | percentage | |
Females | 129 | 91% | 55 | 66% |
Males | 13 | 9% | 28 | 34% |
Caucasians | 62 | 43% | 49 | 60% |
African Americans | 57 | 40% | 18 | 22% |
Hispanics | 20 | 14% | 2 | 2% |
Asians | 1 | 1% | 8 | 10% |
Mixed | 4 | 3% | 4 | 5% |
PBX1-a | 30 | 33% | 28 | 56% |
PBX1-a/d | 25 | 27% | 14 | 28% |
PBX1-d | 37 | 40% | 8 | !6% |
Medications | ||||
Steroids | 62 | 42% | ||
No steroid | 85 | 58% | ||
Mycophenolate mofetil | 69 | 47% | ||
Methotrexate | 7 | 5% | ||
Azathioprine | 17 | 12% | ||
Cyclophosphamide | 2 | 1% | ||
Abatacept | 4 | 3% | ||
No immunosuppressive | 47 | 32% | ||
Untreated | 30 | 21% | ||
Disease activity | ||||
Inactive | 58 | 48% | ||
Active non-renal | 14 | 12% | ||
Active renal | 49 | 40% | ||