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Figure 3 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Figure 3

From: Ossification process involving the human thoracic ligamentum flavum: role of transcription factors

Figure 3

TEM examination and TUNEL staining of the ossification front. The typical structure of the elastic fibers had disappeared with an increase in the number of collagen fibers (a: control, b: OLF). Note the presence of matrix vesicles containing electron-dense material (c) and also the presence of pigmented chondrocytes (d) near the ossified layer (a, b: magnification ×1,000, c; magnification ×4,000, d; magnification ×2000). Note the presence of TUNEL-positive chondrocytes near the ossified layer (arrow) (e, scale bar = 100 μm). OLF: ossification of the ligamentum flavum; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling.

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