Figure 6

Interleukin (IL)-7 increases mediators indicative of proinflammatory activity. Serum concentrations of soluble CD40 ligand (CD40L), indicative of T-cell activation, were increased by IL-7 compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Chemokines facilitating chemotaxis and activation of T cells (macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1a, MIP-3b, and lymphotactin) and neutrophils (macrophage-derived chemokine, MDC) were increased by IL-7. Mediators associated with vascular activation and angiogenesis (vascular cell adhesion molecule, VCAM-1; vascular endothelial cell growth factor, VEGF; thrombopoietin, TPO); and bone (leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF) and tissue (fibroblast growth factor, FGF-basic) remodeling were increased by IL-7. Neutrophil activity, indicated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, was significantly reduced. Statistically significant differences of *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.005.