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Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)
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Stimulates undifferentiated mesenchymal cell proliferation
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Regulates endothelial, fibroblastic, and osteoblastic mitogenesis
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Regulates collagen synthesis and collagenase secretion
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Regulates mitogenic effects of other growth factors
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Stimulates endothelial chemotaxis and angiogenesis
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Inhibits macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation
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Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)
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Promotes growth and differentiation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts
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Mitogenetic for mesenchymal cells, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts
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Platelet-derived growth factor a and b (PDGF)
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Mitogenetic for mesenchymal cells and osteoblasts
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Stimulates chemotaxis and mitogenesis in fibroblast, glial, or smooth muscle cells
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Regulates collagenase secretion and collagen synthesis
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Stimulates macrophage and neutrophil chemotaxis
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Epidermal growth factor (EGF)
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Stimulates endothelial chemotaxis or angiogenesis
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Regulates collagenase secretion
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Stimulates epithelial or mesenchymal mitogenesis
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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
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Increases angiogenesis and vessel permeability
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Stimulates mitogenesis for endothelial cells
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Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)
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Promotes angiogenesis
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Cartilage regeneration
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Fibrosis and platelet adhesion
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Insulin like growth factor (ILGF 1 and 2)
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Chemotactic for fibroblasts and stimulates protein synthesis
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Enhances bone formation
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Platelet factor 4 (PF-4)
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Stimulate the initial influx of neutrophils into wounds
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Chemo-attractant for fibroblasts
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Interleukin 8 (IL-8)
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Pro-inflammatory mediator
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Recruitment of inflammatory cells
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Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF)
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Promote endothelial cell growth, migration, adhesion and survival
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Angiogenesis
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