Table 2 Genes with the highest and lowest log₂ fold-change when comparing RNA from young and old cartilage

Genes with increased expression in young cartilage

CPZ

Carboxypeptidase Z

32.09

1.60 × 10^-8

C18orf8

Chromosome 8 open reading frame 4

31.09

1.40 × 10^-4

SRPX

Sushi repeat-containing protein SRPX

30.69

1.94 × 10^-4

CYP1A1

Cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1

30.68

1.19 × 10^-3

AQP1

Aquaporin 1

30.62

1.19 × 10^-3

PHEX

Phosphate regulating endopeptidase homolog, X-linked

30.39

3.54 × 10^-4

EPHA5

EPH receptor A5

30.16

1.55 × 10^-2

CTCFL

CCCTC-binding factor (zinc finger protein)-like

30.15

1.67 × 10^-3

IL7R

Interleukin 7 receptor

30.14

6.16 × 10^-3

ACSL5

Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 5

30.13

2.10 × 10^-2

Genes with increased expression in old cartilage

SHCBP1L

SHC SH2-domain binding protein 1-like

-3.26

2.66 × 10^-2

FGF9

Fibroblast growth factor 9

-3.33

4.16 × 10^-4

SLC22A3

Solute carrier family 22 (extraneuronal monoamine transporter), member 3

-3.73

4.68 × 10^-4

TOX3

TOX high mobility group box family member 3

-3.86

4.42 × 10^-3

RELN

Reelin

-4.57

1.87 × 10^-5

COCH

Coagulation factor C homolog, cochlin (Limulus polyphemus)

-4.57

1.49 × 10^-4

DKK1

Dickkopf homolog 1

-4.92

6.23 × 10^-4

LINGO1

Leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin domain containing 1

-5.09

2.01 × 10^-2

SKA1

Spindle and KT associated 1

-5.55

1.55 × 10^-2

RORA

RAR-related orphan receptor B

-5.98

3.26 × 10^-11