Table 4 Studies addressing prevalence and clinical association of aPT antibodies
Reference | Study population | N | Prevalence of anti-PT | Clinical association |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Fleck et al. [28] | LA positive subjects | 42 | 74% | NI |
Pengo et al. [29] | APS patients | 22 | 50% | No association with thrombosis |
Horback et al. [30] | SLE patients | 175 | 38% | Association with thrombosis (IgG and IgM) |
Puurunen et al. [31] | SLE patients | 139 | 34% | Association with DVT |
Swadzba et al. [32] | SLE patients with thrombotic event | 127 | 28% | No association with thrombosis (IgG and IgM) |
31 | ||||
Galli et al. [33] | aPL-positive subjects | 59 | 58% | No association with thrombosis |
IgG 35.6% | ||||
IgM 37.3% | ||||
Bertolaccini et al. [34] | SLE patients | 207 | 28% | No association with APS clinical manifestations |
Forastiero et al. [35] | APS patients | 97 | 25% | Association with thrombosis |
aPL-negative patients with thrombotic events | 83 | |||
Munoz-Rodriguez et al. [36] | APS patients | 70 | 57% | Association with arterial thrombosis (IgG only) |
SLE patients | 107 | 40% | ||
Atsumi et al. [37] | Patients with autoimmune diseases | 265 | IgG: PAPS 15%; SLE APS 42%; SLE no APS 20% | No association with APS |
IgM: PAPS 5%; SLE APS 4%; SLE No APS 6% | ||||
Galli et al. [38] | LA-positive patients | 72 | 85% | No association with APS |
Nojima et al. [39] | SLE patients | 124 | IgG 52.4% | Association with venous thromboembolism (only aPT IgG + LA) |
IgM 21% | ||||
Nojima et al. [40] | SLE patients | 168 | 56% | Association with arterial thrombosis |
Simmelink et al. [41] | LA-positive patients | 46 | 30% | Association with thrombosis |
LA-positive patients with SLE | 29 | LA-positive subjects: 70% | ||
LA-negative patients | 38 | Â | ||
LA-negative patients with SLE | 36 | |||
Salcido-Ochoa et al. [42] | APS patients | 38 | IgG 26%, IgM 11% | Association with thrombosis |
SLE patients | 466 | IgG 20%, IgM 33% | ||
Von Landenberg et al. [43] | APS patients | 170 | IgG 61.7% | Association with pregnancy loss (IgG only) |
(57% PAPS; 43% SAPS) | Â | IgM 57.6% | ||
IgA 7% | ||||
Musial et al. [44] | APS patients | 22 | IgG 45.4%, IgM 50% | No association with thrombosis |
SLE patients | 160 | IgG 18.1%, IgM 18.7% | ||
SLE-like patients | 22 | IgG 31.8%, IgM 27.3% | ||
Ishikura et al. [45] | SLE patients | 22 | 18.2% | Association with venous thrombosis |
Patients with | Â | Â | ||
DVT/PTE | 48 | IgG 29%, IgM 8.3% | ||
Stroke | 30 | IgG 16.7%, IgM 6.7% | ||
Koskenmies et al. [46] | SLE patients | 292 | 20% | Association with arterial thrombosis |
Bertolaccini et al. [47] | SLE patients | 212 | 31% | Association with venous/arterial thrombosis (IgG only) |
IgG-only 24.5% | ||||
IgM-only 5% | ||||
Bizzarro et al. [48] | aCL-positive APS patients | 25 | 60% | Association with thrombosis (IgG only) |
SLE-APS patients | 23 | 45% | ||
SLE-no APS patients | 66 | |||
Forastiero et al. [49] | aPL-positive subjects (LA/aCL) | 194 | 46% | Association with thrombosis (IgG only) |
IgG 36% | ||||
IgM 23% | ||||
Gould et al. [50] | SLE patients | 100 | 20% | No association with thrombosis |
Tsutumi et al. [51] | SLE patients | 139 | 25% | Association with thrombosis |
Nojima et al. [52] | SLE patients | 175 | 54.3% | No association with thrombosis |
Bizzaro et al. [53] | SLE patients | 101 | IgG 13.9% | Association with thrombosis (IgG only) |
IgM 9% | ||||
IgG + IgM 3% | ||||
Sailer et al. [54] | LA-positive subjects | 79 | Â | No association with thrombosis |
With thrombosis | 50 | 72% (assay I), 50% (assay II) | ||
Without thrombosis | 29 | 66% (assay I), 41% (assay II) | ||
Bardin et al. [55] | APS patients | 62 | 42% | NI |
Jakowski et al. [56] | APS patients | 58 | 22% | No association with pregnancy loss |
Women with recurrent pregnancy loss | 66 | 12% | ||
Szodoray et al. [57] | SLE patients | 85 | IgG 18%, IgM 0 | NI |
Pengo et al. [58] | LA-positive subjects | 231 | IgG 26% | No association with APS clinical events |
IgM 27% | ||||
Marozio et al. [59] | Obstetric APS patients | 187 | 29.4% | Association with severe pre-eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, intra-uterine fetal death |
IgG 25.8% | ||||
IgM 1.8% | ||||
IgG + IgM: 1.8% | ||||
Hoxha et al. [60] | PAPS patients | 158 | IgG 23.5%, IgM 4.9% | Association with thrombosis and obstetric manifestations (IgG only) |
Thrombotic APS | 56 | IgG 10.7%, IgM 1.8% | ||
Obstetric APS | 102 | Â | ||
Sater et al. [61] | Women with recurrent miscarriages | 277 | IgM 12% | No association with pregnancy loss |