Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the cohorts
| Â | All subjects n = 97 | Normal mucosa (Marsh stage 0) n = 39 | Lymphocytic enteritis (Marsh stage 1) n = 58 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â |

Females, n (%) | 86 (89) | 34 (87) | 52 (90) | 0.959 |

Age in years, mean (SD) | 50 (8) | 49 (7) | 51 (9) | 0.222 |

BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 26 (4) | 25 (3) | 28 (5) | <0.001 |
Education level | Â | Â | Â | Â |

None, n (%) | 2 (2) | 0 | 2 (3) | 0.658 |

Primary education, n (%) | 71 (73) | 29 (74) | 42 (72) | 0.983 |

Secondary education, n (%) | 22 (23) | 10 (26) | 12 (21) | 0.746 |

Higher education, n (%) | 3 (3) | 0 | 2 (3) | 0.658 |
Employment status | Â | Â | Â | Â |

Employed, n (%) | 45 (46) | 21 (54) | 24 (41) | 0.317 |

Unemployed, n (%) | 20 (21) | 7 (18) | 13 (22) | 0.782 |

Homemaker, n (%) | 17 (17) | 8 (20) | 9 (15) | 0.717 |

Retired/pensioner, n (%) | 15 (15) | 3 (8) | 12 (21) | 0.147 |
First-degree relatives with CD/FMS | Â | Â | Â | Â |

Subjects with CD relatives, n (%) | 10 (10) | 0 | 10 (17) | 0.016 |

Subjects with FMS relatives, n (%) | 4 (4) | 0 | 4 (7) | 0.248 |
Gastroduodenal histopathological details | Â | Â | Â | Â |

IELs, mean (SD) | 18 (3) | 14 (2) | 35 (5) | <0.001 |

Helicobacter pylori (+), n (%) | 41 (42) | 17 (43) | 24 (41) | 0.426 |
HLA haplotype | Â | Â | Â | Â |

HLA-DQ2 A1/B1, n (%) | 46 (47) | 15 (38) | 31 (53) | 0.214 |

HLA-DQ2 (-), n (%) | 15 (15) | 4 (10) | 11 (19) | 0.381 |
Serum autoantibodies | Â | Â | Â | Â |

Anti tTG-2, U/ml, mean (SD) | 0.7 (0.6) | 0.5 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.7) | <0.001 |

RF, IU/m, mean (SD) | 12.8 (1.7) | 12.6 (0.9) | 12.9 (2.1) | 0.552 |

Anti-TPO (+), U/ml, mean (SD) | 30 (111) | 20 (30) | 51 (140) | 0.115 |

ANAs (+), n (%) | 26 (27) | 3 (8) | 23 (40) | 0.001 |

AMAS (+), n (%) | 4 (4) | 0 | 4 (7) | 0.248 |