Cost-utility of cognitive behavioral therapy versus U.S. Food and Drug Administration recommended drugs and usual care in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia: an economic evaluation alongside a 6-month randomized controlled trial

Table 4 Summary statistics of the costs (total and disaggregated in components) and outcomes by treatment group

	CBT		RPT		TAU		Significance test
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Significance test
Before baseline (6 months before baseline) -N=168	n=57		n=56		n=55		Pvalue	adj.Pvalue
Costs (€)
Primary health care services	102.7	21.9	103.1	21.5	104.3	14.5	0.87	0.99
Specialized healthcare services	1554.9	3499.8	1150.0	3113.1	1038.3	2813.4	0.67	0.55
Medical tests	49.2	113.7	48.2	103.8	48.5	101.4	1.00	0.97
Prescribed medications	475.7	876.6	563.0	1139.3	581.2	1196.7	0.83	0.80
Total direct costs	2182.4	3609.6	1864.3	3232.8	1772.3	2954.4	0.79	0.71
Total indirect costs	916.3	1415.3	741.8	1379.5	771.2	1335.5	0.77	0.81
Total costs	3098.8	3999.7	2606.1	3871.2	2543.5	3486.3	0.71	0.62
Outcomes
EQ-5D Utility score	0.40	0.26	0.40	0.27	0.38	0.27	0.93	1.00
EQ VAS	45.18	16.98	46.79	15.48	43.36	14.50	0.50	0.64
Follow-up (0 to 6 months), N =152	n =53		n =50		n =49		P- value	adj. P -value
Costs (€)
Primary health care services	80.9	35.4	110.8	19.6	112.6	19.5	0.00	0.00
Specialized healthcare services	940.2	2731.7	1854.4	4109.2	1663.5	3612.7	0.32	0.01
Medical tests	44.7	115.8	67.3	119.2	65.9	110.6	0.54	0.00
Prescribed medications	33.0	55.3	828.1	356.5	530.8	322.0	0.00	0.00
Intervention CBT	271.1	24.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.00	0.00
Total direct costs	1,369.9	2,738.5	2,860.6	4,161.3	2,372.8	3,570.2	0.07	0.00
Total indirect costs	476.8	887.6	803.0	1,307.6	750.9	1,226.3	0.21	0.00
Total costs	1,846.7	2,942.9	3,663.7	4,539.1	3,123.7	3,952.5	0.03	0.00
Outcomes
EQ-5D Utility score	0.61	0.25	0.53	0.27	0.54	0.28	0.28	0.13
EQ VAS	59.62	15.78	57.30	14.11	52.86	14.25	0.07	0.00
QALY (based on EQ-5D utility score)	0.25	0.12	0.23	0.13	0.24	0.13	0.63	0.13

ISSN: 1478-6362