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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with normal mPAP, BoPAP and PAH

From: Borderline pulmonary arterial pressure in systemic sclerosis patients: a post-hoc analysis of the DETECT study

 

Patient groups (N =244)

P-value

Variable

Normal mPAP (N =148)

BoPAP (N =36)

PAH (N =60)

BoPAP versus normal mPAP

PAH versus BoPAP

Demographic and clinical parameters

 

Age, years, Na

148

36

59

  

  Mean ± SD

54.3 ± 12.0

58.4 ± 9.5

61.6 ± 9.7

  Median, Q1 to Q3

55.0, 46.0 to 63.5

58.5, 52.5 to 63.5

62.0, 56.0 to 68.0

  Minimum, maximum

26.0, 78.0

43.0, 80.0

33.0, 80.0

Gender, n

148

36

60

  

  Male, n (%)

18 (12.2)

6 (16.7)

12 (20.0)

  Female, n (%)

130 (87.8)

30 (83.3)

48 (80.0)

WHO FC, N

139

34

60

 

<0.05

  I/II, n (%)

127 (91.4)

28 (82.4)

37 (61.7)

  III/IV, n (%)

12 (8.6)

6 (17.6)

23 (38.3)

6-minute walk distance, N

108

27

48

  

  Mean ± SD

422.4 ± 110.4

397.4 ± 102.3

391.4 ± 109.8

  Median, Q1 to Q3

432.5, 364.5 to 502.0

414.5, 341.0 to 472.0

395.0, 318.0 to 460.5

SSc disease duration (years), N

147

36

60

  

  Mean ± SD

11.0 ± 8.0

10.0 ± 5.0

14.0 ± 12.0

  Median, Q1 to Q3

8.0, 5.0 to 13.0

9.0, 6.0 to 15.0

11.0, 6.0 to 16.0

SSc subtype, N

146

36

59

  

  Limited, n (%)

90 (61.6)

20 (55.6)

44 (74.6)

  Diffuse, n (%)

45 (30.8)

13 (36.1)

10 (16.9)

  Overlap/mixed CTD, n (%)

11 (7.5)

3 (8.3)

5 (8.5)

Presence of peripheral edema, n/N (%)

8/147 (5.4)

7/36 (19.4)

11/60 (18.3)

<0.01

 

Presence of telangiectasias, n/N (%)

108/148 (73.0)

22/36 (61.1)

52/60 (86.7)

 

<0.005

FVC % predicted, N

148

36

60

  

  Mean ± SD

92.5 ± 17.6

88.7 ± 14.5

92.0 ± 19.7

  Median, Q1-Q3

91.9, 79.9 to 102.7

87.1, 80.0 to 96.5

89.5, 77.2 to 102.5

FVC % predicted /DLCO % predicted, N

148

36

60

 

<0.01

  Mean ± SD

1.9 ± 0.4

1.9 ± 0.4

2.3 ± 0.7

  Median, Q1 to Q3

1.8, 1.5 to 2.1

2.0, 1.5 to 2.2

2.2, 1.8 to 2.5

TLC % predicted, N

127

28

54

<0.05

 

  Mean ± SD

92.8 ± 21.9

84.8 ± 14.4

88.1 ± 21.6

 

  Median, Q1 to Q3

92.5, 80.0 to 106.0

83.0, 74.0 to 95.0

87.3, 78.0 to 100.3

 

Serum laboratory tests

 

Presence of anti-centromere antibodies

    

<0.05

n/N (%)

49/141 (34.8)

10/34 (29.4)

30/56 (53.6)

Log10 NT-proBNP (pg/ml), N

141

34

56

<0.05

 

  Mean ± SD

2.0 ± 0.5

2.2 ± 0.5

2.4 ± 0.5

  Median, Q1 to Q3

2.1, 1.7 to 2.3

2.2, 1.9 to 2.5

2.3, 2.0 to 2.8

Serum urate, mg/100 ml, N

141

34

56

 

<0.01

  Mean ± SD

4.7 ± 1.4

4.7 ± 1.3

5.6 ± 1.4

  Median, Q1 to Q3

4.4, 3.7 to 5.3

4.5, 3.7 to 5.4

5.6, 4.6 to 6.5

Log10 estimated GFR

141

34

55

  

1.9 ± 0.1

1.9 ± 0.1

1.9 ± 0.1

1.9, 1.9 to 2.0

1.9, 1.8 to 2.0

1.9, 1.8 to 2.0

Echocardiography

 

Left atrium diameter, mm, N

148

36

60

<0.001

 

  Mean ± SD

30.2 ± 5.1

33.9 ± 3.6

31.8 ± 5.4

  Median, Q1 to Q3

31.0, 27.8 to 34.0

33.5, 31.0 to 37.0

32.0, 30.0 to 36.0

Right atrium area, cm2, N

142

33

58

 

<0.05

  Mean ± SD

12.8 ± 4.7

14.7 ± 5.9

16.8 ± 5.8

  Median, Q1 to Q3

12.0, 10.0 to 14.3

12.4, 10.5 to 18.0

15.8, 13.4 to 20.0

TAPSE (mm), N

138

33

53

  

  Mean ± SD

23.2 ± 4.3

23.8 ± 5.1

21.1 ± 4.3

  Median, Q1 to Q3

23.7, 20.4 to 26.0

23.0, 20.0 to 27.0

20.8, 19.0 to 23.0

TR velocity (m/s), N

140

35

58

<0.001

<0.05

  Mean ± SD

2.3 ± 0.4

2.7 ± 0.3

3.0 ± 0.7

  Median, Q1 to Q3

2.3, 2.2 to 2.6

2.7, 2.5 to 2.9

2.9, 2.5 to 3.5

Electrocardiography

 

Presence of right axis deviation, n/N (%)

2/138 (1.4)

1/30 (3.3)

8/58 (13.8)

  

Right heart catheterization

 

PAWP, mmHg, N

148

36

60

<0.001

 

  Mean ± SD

7.7 ± 3.3

10.8 ± 3.0

9.9 ± 3.3

  Median, Q1 to Q3

8.0, 5.0 to 10.0

11.0, 9.0 to 13.0

10.5, 7.5 to 12.5

TPG, mmHg, N

148

36

60

<0.001

<0.001

  Mean ± SD

7.9 ± 2.7

11.6 ± 2.8

22.3 ± 9.7

  Median, Q1 to Q3

7.0, 6.0 to 10.0

11.0, 10.0 to 13.0

20.0, 15.0 to 28.0

DWG, mmHg, N

148

36

60

 

<0.001

  Mean ± SD

1.8 ± 2.7

3.0 ± 5.4

10.7 ± 8.1

  Median, Q1 to Q3

1.0, 0.0 to 3.0

2.0, 0.5 to 5.0

8.0, 5.0 to 17.0

PVR, dyn.sec/cm5, N

148

36

60

<0.001

<0.001

  Mean ± SD

128.0 ± 50.8

179.8 ± 58.7

375.8 ± 217.0

  Median, Q1 to Q3

121.5, 91.3 to 153.9

170.3, 147.8 to 187.8

295.5, 236.0 to 419.1

  1. aN for each variable represents the number of patients with available data. Statistical tests were Wilcoxon rank-sum for continuous data and chi-square/Fisher’s exact for categorical data. ‘These variables were analysed for completeness, but it should be borne in mind that they are part of the definition of the analysis groups. BoPAP, borderline pulmonary arterial pressure; CTD, connective tissue disease; DLCO, diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide; DWG, diastolic wedge gradient; FVC, forced vital capacity; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; Q, quartile; SSc, systemic sclerosis; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TLC, total lung capacity; TPG, transpulmonary gradient; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; WHO FC, World Health Organization functional class.
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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