Table 2 Disease-specific metabolic abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatoid arthritis | Systemic lupus erythematosus | |
|---|---|---|
Total oxidative status (serum MDA level) | Low | High |
T-cell oxygen consumption | ? | High |
T-cell TCA cycle activity | ? | High |
T-cell ROS level | Low | High |
T-cell glycolytic activity | Low | ? |
Serum metabolites | – | Low glycolysis |
Low TCA cycle | ||
Low fatty acid oxidation | ||
Low amino acid metabolism | ||
Low long-chain fatty acids | ||
High free fatty acids | ||
Synovial fluid metabolites | Low glucose | – |
Low fatty acids | ||
High glutamine | ||
High amino acids |