Table 2 Clinical features at baseline and last follow-up visit in patients in the high and low pulse-wave velocity (PWV) groups
| Â | Baseline | Last visit | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Low PWV | High PWV | P -value | Low PWV | High PWV | P -value |
Male gender, n (%) | 17 (50.0%) | 19 (50.0%) | 1.000 | 17 (50.0%) | 19 (50.0%) | 1.000 |
Age, years | 43.3 ± 10.2 | 55.2 ± 10.0 | <0.001 | 49.6 ± 10.1 | 61.6 ± 9.9 | <0.001 |
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  PsA disease duration, years | 7.6 ± 7.0 | 10.7 ± 7.5 | 0.073 | 13.9 ± 7.2 | 17.1 ± 7.8 | 0.075 |
  Tender joint count, 0 to 68 | 2 (0 to 6) | 3 (0 to 8) | 0.551 | 1 (0 to 3) | 1 (0 to 5) | 0.248 |
  Swollen joint count, 0 to 66 | 0 (0 to 2) | 1 (0 to 3) | 0.827 | 0 (0 to 1) | 0 (0 to 1) | 0.376 |
  Damaged joint count, 0 to 68 | 1 (0 to 3) | 2 (0 to 6) | 0.118 | 0 (0 to 4) | 4 (0 to 8) | 0.010 |
  Visual analog scale pain, 0 to 100 | 40 (20 to 60) | 50 (30 to 70) | 0.212 | 30 (20 to 50) | 30 (20 to 60) | 0.964 |
  Patients’ global assessment, 0 to 100 | 50 (20 to 60) | 50 (40 to 60) | 0.258 | 50 (20 to 60) | 33 (20 to 60) | 0.654 |
  Physicians’ global assessment, 0 to 100 | 10 (0 to 20) | 20 (5 to 30) | 0.462 | 19 (6 to 35) | 20 (7 to 30) | 0.399 |
  Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, 0 to 72 | 2.6 (1.0 to 7.3) | 3.0 (0.7 to 7.7) | 0.879 | 1.8 (0.6 to 5.4) | 1.7 (0.3 to 7.4) | 0.879 |
  Health assessment questionnaire, 0 to 3 | 0.25 (0.13 to 0.63) | 0.56 (0.13 to 1.00) | 0.120 | 0.13 (0 to 0.50) | 0.38 (0 to 1.13) | 0.146 |
  Minimal disease activity, n (%) | 10 (29.4%) | 6 (15.8%) | 0.165 | 6 (17.6%) | 8 (21.1%) | 0.715 |
  Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis, 0 to 164 | 14 (7 to 19) | 17 (12 to 22) | 0.132 | 11 (7 to 15) | 12 (5 to 18) | 0.827 |
  Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/1st h | 16 (7 to 34) | 27 (13 to 56) | 0.048 | 11 (5 to 22) | 29 (13 to 56) | <0.001 |
  C-reactive protein, mg/dl | 0.3 (0.1 to 1.2) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.3) | 0.527 | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.5) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.8) | 0.023 |
Cardiovascular risk factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Body weight, kg | 66.1 ± 12.4 | 64.4 ± 11.8 | 0.540 | 68.1 ± 12.0 | 63.6 ± 11.0 | 0.099 |
  Body height, cm | 161 ± 8 | 161 ± 9 | 0.891 |  |  |  |
  Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 132 ± 23 | 140 ± 21 | 0.113 | 121 ± 13 | 132 ± 16 | 0.002 |
  Hypertension, n (%) | 10 (29.4%) | 26 (68.4%) | 0.001 | 15 (44.1%) | 29 (76.3%) | 0.005 |
  Diabetes, n (%) | 3 (8.8%) | 13 (34.2%) | 0.010 | 3 (8.8%) | 13 (34.2%) | 0.010 |
  Framingham 10-year CVD risk >10%, n (%) | 8 (23.5%) | 22 (57.9%) | 0.003 | 9 (26.5%) | 27 (71.1%) | <0.001 |
  Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 0.814 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 0.468 |
  High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 0.782 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.467 |
  Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 0.285 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 0.363 |
  Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.3 ± 1.6 | 5.7 ± 1.0 | 0.227 | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 5.6 ± 1.9 | 0.287 |
Medications, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Anti-hypertensive drugs | 3 (8.8%) | 17 (44.7%) | <0.001 | 14 (41.2%) | 28 (73.7%) | 0.005 |
  Statins | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.6%) | 1.000 | 7 (20.6%) | 7 (18.4%) | 0.817 |
  Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 13 (38.2%) | 20 (52.6%) | 0.221 | 16 (47.1%) | 15 (39.5%) | 0.516 |
  Steroids | 2 (5.9%) | 2 (5.3%) | 0.999 | 1 (2.9%) | 2 (5.3%) | 0.999 |
  Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs | 15 (44.1%) | 21 (55.3%) | 0.345 | 18 (52.9%) | 22 (57.9%) | 0.673 |
  Biologics | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | N.S. | 7 (20.6%) | 4 (10.5%) | 0.236 |