Figure 5
Effect of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) deficiency on monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced induced IL-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 production in vivo . Wild-type (WT) and TG2-deficient mice were injected intraperitoneally with 3 mg MSU crystals. Mice were sacrificed at the indicated time points and peritoneal cells were obtained by lavage with 2 ml sterile PBS. (A, B) The levels of active TGF-β1 (A) and IL-1β (B) were determined at the indicated time points in the centrifuged, cell-free peritoneal lavage fluids, by ELISA. (C) The numbers of Gr-1hi neutrophils in the peritoneum were analyzed by flow cytometry. The experiments were repeated three times. In each experiment three mice were used at each time point. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments (n ≧3, *P <0.05 and **P <0.01).