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Table 4 Hand and hip pain associations by feature and quality score

From: A systematic review of the relationship between subchondral bone features, pain and structural pathology in peripheral joint osteoarthritis

Author

Feature (method)

Pain outcome

Adjustment for confounders

Association (magnitude) crude

Association (magnitude) adjusted

Association

Quality score (%)

Hand MRI bone marrow lesion case series

Haugen 2014 Abstract [144]

Sum scores (0–48) for BMLs (Oslo hand OA MRI score) (C)

AUSCAN pain scale (L)

Age, sex, BMI, follow-up time

NR

β = −0.26, 95 % CI −0.55 to 0.03

NA

High (61)

Hand MRI bone marrow lesion cross-sectional studies

Haugen 2012 [145]

BML (Oslo MRI hand score) (C) IPJs sum scores

AUSCAN pain scale (C)

Age, sex

NR

OR (95 % CI) 0.96 (0.82 to 1.12)

NA

High (64)

Hand MRI osteophyte cross-sectional studies

Haugen 2012 [145]

Osteophyte (Oslo MRI hand score) (C) IPJs sum scores

AUSCAN pain scale (C)

Age, sex

NR

OR (95 % CI) 1.04 (0.98 to 1.10)

NA

High (64)

Hand MRI attrition cross-sectional studies

Haugen 2012 [145]

Attrition (Oslo MRI hand score) (C) IPJs sum scores

AUSCAN pain scale (C)

Age, sex

NR

OR (95 % CI) 1.15 (0.98 to 1.34)

NA

High (64)

Hand MRI subchondral cyst cross-sectional studies

Haugen 2012 [145]

Cyst (Oslo MRI hand score) (C) IPJs sum scores

AUSCAN pain scale (C)

Age, sex

NR

OR (95 % CI) 0.93 (0.56 to 1.55)

NA

High (64)

Hand scintigraphy subchondral bone cross-sectional studies

Macfarlane 1993 [61]

Late phase isotope bone scan small joints of the hand (C)

Hand pain VAS (C)

Nil

Correlation coefficient 0.06, p = 0.304

NR

NA

Low (57)

Hip MRI bone marrow lesion cross-sectional studies

Kumar 2013 [151]

Total hip semi-quantitative BML score (C)

Self-reported hip pain HOOS score (C)

Nil

NR

p correlation −0.29 (p <0.01)

A higher BML score means a lower or worse HOOS pain score

High (71)

Maksymowych 2014 [152]

Semi-quantitative BML HIP (HOAMS) (C)

Baseline WOMAC pain (C)

Nil

p <0.001

NR

+

High (64)

Hip MRI subchondral cyst cross-sectional studies

Kumar 2013 [151]

Total hip semi-quantitative subchondral cyst score (C)

Self-reported hip pain HOOS score (C)

Nil

NR

p correlation −0.37 (p <0.001)

A higher cyst score means a lower or worse HOOS pain score

High (71)

  1. Positive correlation reported between bone feature and outcome measure (+); negative correlation reported between bone feature and outcome measure (−). AUSCAN Australian/Canadian Osteoarthritis hand index, BML bone marrow lesion, C a feature or outcome described in cross-section, chronic pain knee pain on most days for at least the last month, HOAMS Hip osteoarthritis MRI scoring system, HOOS Hip dysfunction and osteoarthritis outcome score, IPJ interphalangeal joint, L a feature or outcome described longitudinally, NA no association, NR not recorded, OA osteoarthritis, OR odds ratio, VAS visual analogue scale