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Fig. 2 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound rescues insufficient salivary secretion in autoimmune sialadenitis

Fig. 2

Gene and protein expression of TNF-α and AQP5 in NS-SV-AC and NS-SV-DC cells. TNF-α stimulation of NS-SV-AC and NS-SV-DC cells significantly increased levels of TNF-α mRNA (a) and decreased levels of AQP5 mRNA. (b). Detection of β-actin mRNA was used to calculate relative fold induction for each. However, when TNF-α stimulation was followed by LIPUS, both levels were restored to those of control cells. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 (n = 6). c In Western blot assays, the expression of the AQP5 was decreased following TNF-α stimulation, whereas the expression of TNF-α was increased, in both cell types. When LIPUS was performed following TNF-α treatment, levels of AQP5 were increased in both cell types compared with untreated controls. AQP5 aquaporin 5, LIPUS low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, NS-SV-AC salivary gland acinar cells, NS-SV-DC salivary gland ductal cells, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α

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