Characteristic | Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 48.7 (8.3) | ||||
Gender, n (%) female | 49 (68.1) | ||||
BMI, kgm−2 | 29.2 (7.9) | ||||
Smoking, past/present, n (%) | 31 (43.1) | ||||
Disc degeneration grade, n (%) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
L1/2 | 0 (0) | 51 (70.8) | 18 (25.0) | 2 (2.8) | 1 (1.4) |
L2/3 | 0 (0) | 37 (51.4) | 27 (37.5) | 8 (11.1) | 0 (0) |
L3/4 | 0 (0) | 25 (34.7) | 36 (50.0) | 10 (13.9) | 1 (1.4) |
L4/5 | 0 (0) | 14 (19.4) | 35 (48.6) | 22 (30.6) | 1 (1.4) |
L5/S1 | 0 (0) | 27 (37.5) | 23 (31.9) | 19 (26.4) | 3 (4.2) |
Intervertebral disc height, mm | |||||
L1/2 | 9.7 (1.7) | ||||
L2/3 | 11.1 (2.0) | ||||
L3/4 | 11.8 (2.3) | ||||
L4/5 | 11.4 (2.6) | ||||
L5/S1 | 10.2 (3.0) | ||||
Chronic low back pain grade, n (%) | |||||
0 – Pain free | 14 (19.2) | ||||
1 – Low disability, low intensity | 44 (60.3) | ||||
2 – Low disability, high intensity | 5 (6.8) | ||||
3 – High disability, moderately limiting | 5 (6.8) | ||||
4 – High disability, severely limiting | 5 (6.8) | ||||
High intensity pain and or disability, n (%) | 15 (20.5) |