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Table 3 Risk ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for the association between educational level and having outcome measures of rheumatoid arthritis above the median

From: Higher education is associated with a better rheumatoid arthritis outcome concerning for pain and function but not disease activity: results from the EIRA cohort and Swedish rheumatology register

Visits

University/college degree

Outcome values above the median

No

Yes

Risk ratio, crude (95 % CI)

Risk ratio* (95 % CI)

DAS28

 3 months

No

860 (74.7)

291 (25.3)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

889 (76.6)

272 (23.4)

0.95 (0.86 to 1.05)

0.99 (0.90 to 1.09)

 6 months

No

762 (77.0)

227 (23.0)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

776 (78.4)

214 (21.6)

0.96 (0.86 to 1.07)

1.01 (0.90 to 1.13)

 1 year

No

975 (75.6)

314 (24.4)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

1007 (77.4)

294 (22.6)

0.95 (0.87 to 1.04)

0.98 (0.89 to 1.08)

VAS-pain

 3 months

No

817 (72.1)

316 (27.9)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

948 (79.3)

247 (20.7)

0.82 (0.74 to 0.91)

0.88 (0.79 to 0.98)

 6 months

No

751 (75.3)

246 (24.7)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

804 (80.3)

197 (19.7)

0.86 (0.77 to 0.96)

0.93 (0.82 to 1.05)

 1 year

No

947 (72.9)

352 (27.1)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

1058 (80.0)

264 (20.0)

0.81 (0.73 to 0.90)

0.85 (0.76 to 0.94)

HAQ

 3 months

No

743 (71.8)

292 (28.2)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

986 (79.1)

261 (20.9)

0.83 (0.75 to 0.91)

0.90 (0.82 to 0.99)

 6 months

No

689 (75.1)

229 (24.9)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

827 (80.0)

207 (20.0)

0.87 (0.78 to 0.97)

0.93 (0.83 to 1.04)

 1 year

No

817 (72.9)

304 (27.1)

1.0 ref.

1.0 ref.

Yes

1130 (79.5)

292 (20.5)

0.84 (0.77 to 0.92)

0.90 (0.82 to 0.98)

  1. Risk ratio crude: poisson regression estimates without adjustment. Risk ratio*: poisson regression estimates adjusted for age at diagnosis, gender, alcohol assumption, pack-years of smoking, body mass index, and baseline outcome values. DAS28 disease activity in 29 joints, VAS visual analog scale