Fig. 1

Microarray analysis of DLE lesional and normal skin. a Heat map depicts the top 20 upregulated and downregulated genes in DLE lesional skin (n = 9) versus normal skin (n = 8) (more than twofold, q < 0.05). Red and green represent high and low expression, respectively. b, c Venn diagrams of differentially expressed genes in DLE versus normal skin, and macrophages treated with IFN-γ (M1) (b) or IL-4 (M2) (c) [17] demonstrated that more upregulated genes in DLE skin were shared with those in IFN-γ-treated macrophages than IL-4 treated macrophages. DLE discoid lupus erythematosus, IFN-γ interferon-gamma, IL-4 interleukin-4