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Table 2 Cross-sectional associations between serum TNC levels and clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with SLE at the inception visit (univariate and age- and sex-adjusted regression analyses)

From: Serum tenascin-C discriminates patients with active SLE from inactive patients and healthy controls and predicts the need to escalate immunosuppressive therapy: a cohort study

 

Univariate analyses

Age– and sex–adjusted analyses

Variable

β valueb (95 % CI)

p Value

β valueb (95 % CI)

p Value

Patients with SLE vs. HC

46 (−17 to 110)

0.151

44 (−24 to 112)

0.205

Patients with SLE with SLEDAI-2 K ≥6 vs. HC

147 (50–245)

0.004

139 (34– 245)

0.010

Patients with SLE with SLEDAI-2 K ≥6 vs. SLEDAI-2 K <6

153 (50–256)

0.004

161 (54–267)

0.004

Patients with SLE (categorical variables)

 Any SLEDAI-2 K clinical features (yes vs. no)

107.8 (8.1–207.4)

0.035

108.4 (3.6–213.3)

0.043

 Neuropsychiatric clinical featuresa (yes vs. no)

−211.9 (−488.9 to 65.2)

0.131

−202.5 (−485.8 to 80.8)

0.158

 Vasculitisa (yes vs. no)

 Arthritisa (yes vs. no)

48.3 (−87.7 to 184.2)

0.480

46.0 (−94.4 to 186.4)

0.514

 Myositisa (yes vs. no)

 Renal featuresa (yes vs. no)

265.2 (133.5–396.9)

<0.001

269.7 (135.9–403.5)

<0.001

 Rasha (yes vs. no)

−2.1 (−144.6 to 140.4)

0.977

−9.1 (−154.9 to 136.6)

0.901

 Alopeciaa (yes vs. no)

−84.6 (−267.0 to 97.8)

0.357

−85.0 (−270.7 to 100.7)

0.363

 Mucosal ulcersa (yes vs. no)

 Serositisa (yes vs. no)

231.1 (−160.4 to 622.6)

0.242

216.6 (−187.5 to 620.7)

0.287

 Haematological featuresa (yes vs. no)

20.4 (−212.5 to 253.3)

0.861

9.1 (−231.3 to 249.5)

0.940

 Fevera (yes vs. no)

 Anti-dsDNA antibodies IF (positive vs. negative)

115 (12–218)

0.029

112 (3–221)

0.044

 Complement C3/C4 (low vs. normal)

−4 (−107 to 99)

0.938

−14 (−123 to 94)

0.793

 Anti-nucleosome antibodies (positive vs. negative)

138 (38–238)

0.008

131 (30–234)

0.013

Patients with SLE (continuous variables)

 SLEDAI-2 K

14 (−1 to 29)

0.061

14 (−1.5 to 30)

0.074

 cSLEDAI-2 K (only clinical SLEDAI-2 K items)

16 (−1 to 33)

0.060

16 (−1.0 to 34)

0.065

 C3, g/L

−9 (−209 to 192)

0.931

5 (−205 to 216)

0.958

 C4, g/L

−232 (−695 to 230)

0.319

−210 (−694 to 273)

0.386

 Anti-nucleosome antibodies, U

−0.2 (−0.7 to 0.3)

0.403

−0.2 (−0.7 to 0.3)

0.460

 Anti-dsDNA antibodies, titre

27 (−22 to 75)

0.266

30 (−21 to 81)

0.230

 Urinary protein/creatinine ratio, mg/mmol

270 (101–439)

0.002

271 (98–444)

0.003

  1. CI confidence interval, HC healthy controls, IF immunofluorescence, anti-dsDNA anti–double-stranded DNA, SLEDAI-2 K Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000
  2. aAccording to SLEDAI-2 K definitions; renal, haematological, serositis and neuropsychiatric SLEDAI-2 K features were merged into one item (see Definitions section of text)
  3. bThe regression coefficient β corresponds to the difference in TNC levels between groups (when assessing categorical variables) or to the change in TNC associated with a 1 unit increase in the assessed variable (when assessing continuous variables)
  4. Boldface type indicates statistically significant values