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Fig. 1 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Autophagy induction contributes to the resistance to methotrexate treatment in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells through high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1

Fig. 1

Effects of methotrexate (MTX) on cell viability and apoptosis of osteoarthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells (OA-FLS) and rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells (RA-FLS). Cells were untreated or were treated with 0.01, 0.1, 1, or 10 μM MTX (a and b) for 48 h. The numbers of dead cells were determined by flow cytometry following annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Cells were treated with 0.01, 0.1, 1, or 10 μM MTX (c) for 48 h, and cell viability was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results are representative of 4 experiments using cells from different patients. Values in (b) and (c) are the mean ± standard deviation. The Mann–Whitney U test was chosen for analysis of data from cell viability results of less than 0.01 μM MTX treatment in the MTT assay, while Student’s t test was used for the rest of the data. *p < 0.05 vs. OA-FLS

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