Table 2 Performance characteristics of biomarkers to detect active SLE (ECLAM score >3)
Spearman correlation | Mixed-effects | ROC curve analysis | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biomarker | r value | P value | P value | AUC (95 % CI) | Youden index | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) |
sVCAM-1 | 0.571 | 4.0 × 10−8 | 2.4 × 10−10 | 0.796 (0.689 − 0.894) | 0.546 | 82.1 | 72.5 | 74.4 | 80.6 |
sICAM-1 | −0.067 | NS | NS | 0.536 (0.407 − 0.663) | 0.175 | 20.0 | 97.5 | 88.9 | 54.9 |
sE-selectin | 0.066 | NS | 1.3 × 10−2 | 0.496 (0.363 − 0.628) | 0.200 | 47.5 | 72.5 | 63.3 | 58.0 |
sP-selectin | −0.111 | NS | NS | 0.535 (0.401 − 0.667) | 0.200 | 67.5 | 52.5 | 58.7 | 61.8 |
ESR | 0.584 | 1.6 × 10−8 | 7.1 × 10−7 | 0.818 (0.717 − 0.908) | 0.543 | 82.5 | 71.8 | 75.0 | 80.0 |
dsDNA | 0.608 | 2.2 × 10−9 | 1.1 × 10−5 | 0.832 (0.732 − 0.920) | 0.600 | 75.0 | 85.0 | 83.3 | 77.3 |
C3 | −0.510 | 1.0 × 10−6 | 1.8 × 10−7 | 0.804 (0.698 − 0.892) | 0.500 | 82.5 | 67.5 | 71.7 | 79.4 |
C4 | −0.416 | 1.3 × 10−4 | 2.2 × 10−3 | 0.744 (0.631 − 0.846) | 0.450 | 77.5 | 67.5 | 70.5 | 75.0 |