Fig. 2

Correlations between clinical disease activity indices and the expression of 51,452 probe sets in 21 synovial biopsy samples from untreated patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). a Distribution of Pearson r correlation coefficients between disease activity score in 28 joints assessed by C-reactive protein level (DAS28-CRP)/simplified disease activity index (SDAI)/clinical disease activity index (CDAI) and synovial gene expression levels. b Overlap between probe sets displaying a Pearson r correlation coefficient >0.5 with DAS28-CRP, SDAI and CDAI. c, d Gene set enrichment analyses and eigenvalues calculations using probe sets displaying a Pearson r correlation coefficient >0.5 with DAS28-CRP indicate that a subset of these transcripts is downregulated by tocilizumab in synovial tissue in RA (c), and a large proportion is induced by TNFα in cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) or monocytes (d). e Pathway analyses (http://david.abcc.ncifcrf.gov) indicate that transcripts displaying a Pearson r correlation coefficient >0.5 with DAS28-CRP are significantly enriched in genes associated with inflammation, mitosis, DNA remodeling and lysosomes. The radar plots indicate how the transcripts belonging to these pathways are influenced by tocilizumab in synovial biopsies, and by TNFα in cultured monocytes and FLS. INV inverse (a negative effect of tocilizumab appears as positive and suggests a positive effect of IL6)