Table 1 Demographic and disease characteristics of patients with and without fibromyalgia
Total number of patients | Fibromyalgia+ | Fibromyalgia– | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 196) | (n = 42) | (n = 154) | ||
Age, years | 43.0 (12.6) | 41.4 (10.2) | 43.4 (13.13) | 0.21 |
Gender, female | 59 (30.1 %) | 17 (40.5 %) | 42 (27.3 %) | 0.10 |
Age at disease onset, years | 29.9 (11.9) | 28.7 (9.3) | 30.2 (12.5) | 0.40 |
Smoking status, ever smoked | 106 (55.8 %) | 23 (56.1 %) | 83 (55.7 %) | 0.96 |
HLA B27-positive | 157 (82.2 %) | 35 (83.3 %) | 122 (81.9 %) | 0.83 |
Radiographic sacroiliitis | 134 (70.2 %) | 27 (67.5 %) | 107 (70.9 %) | 0.68 |
Magnetic resonance imaging evidence of inflammatory lesions of the sacroiliac joints | 88 (58.3 %) | 20 (54.1 %) | 68 (59.7 %) | 0.55 |
Raised C-reactive protein* | 39 (22.3 %) | 8 (20.0 %) | 31 (23.0 %) | 0.69 |
Past history of, or current arthritis | 72 (36.7 %) | 12 (28.6 %) | 60(39 %) | 0.22 |
Past history of, or current enthesitis | 85 (43.4 %) | 25 (59.5 %) | 60 (39 %) | 0.01 |
Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index total (0–10) | 3.0 (2.2) | 4.7 (2.3) | 2.6 (1.9) | <0.01 |
Global visual analog scale (0–10) | 3.6 (2.8) | 5.9 (2.4) | 3.0 (2.5) | <0.01 |
Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (range 0–10) | 2.6 (2.7) | 4.8 (2.7) | 2.0 (2.3) | <0.01 |
History of depression | 42 (23.2 %) | 16 (41.0 %) | 26 (18.3 %) | <0.01 |
Past or current intake of psychotropic medications** or strong opioids | 82 (41.8 %) | 28 (66.7 %) | 54 (35.1 %) | <0.01 |
Past or current intake of psychotropic medications or strong opioids or history of depression | 82 (41.8 %) | 28 (66.7 %) | 54 (35.1 %) | <0.01 |
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug intake, ever | 193 (99.0 %) | 42 (100.0 %) | 151 (98.7 %) | 1.00 |
Synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug use, ever | 104 (53.1 %) | 23 (54.8 %) | 81 (52.6 %) | 0.80 |