Fig. 2

B cell cytokine production in (relapsing) patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and in controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured without CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) (a-d) and with CpG-ODN (e). Total percentages of cytokine-producing B cells were determined within the CD19+CD22+ B cell population. Patients were divided into those who relapsed soon after the sampling (future relapse) and those that did not relapse for at least 1.5 years (no future relapse). Graphs represent data from 13 relapsing patients, 13 non-relapsing patients and 13 healthy controls. In the box and whisker plots (Tukey), boxes represent median values and the interquartile range: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01