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Fig. 2 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: CD163+ M2c-like macrophages predominate in renal biopsies from patients with lupus nephritis

Fig. 2

Immunohistochemical double-staining in different International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) classes for macrophage subsets. Representative double-staining for the different macrophage subsets using immunohistochemical analysis are shown. a M1-like macrophages (example from ISN/RPS IV biopsy) were double-positive (violet and violet arrowhead) for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (red) and CD68 (blue and blue arrowheads). b M2a-like macrophages (example from ISN/RPS IV biopsy) were double-positive (violet, e.g., violet arrowheads) CD206 (red) and CD68 (blue and blue arrowheads). c M2c-like macrophages (example from ISN/RPS III) were double-positive (violet, e.g., viola arrowheads) CD163 (red) and CD68 (blue and blue arrowheads). d Regulatory T cells (example from ISN/RPS IV biopsy) were positive for forkhead-box-protein P3 (FoxP3) (purple and purple arrowheads) and M2c-like CD163+ macrophages (blue). e Negative control using normal mouse IgG (example from ISN/RPS IV biopsy). f Negative control using secondary antibody only (example from ISN/RPS IV biopsy)

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